Resources & terms
Plain-English explanations, worked math, and what it means for you.
You can start with the basics.
Learn the words, follow the numbers, and understand what a choice could mean for your life. Start with the first action. Open examples and explanations when you need them, then continue in the related tool.
Words, in plain English
200 terms across all topics · Open any word to learn more.
“Debit or credit?” at checkoutA checkout choice about how a card payment is processed. It does not necessarily change the kind of card you own.
How it works
A debit card can have a card-network logo and sometimes be processed through a credit-card network. The purchase still uses the linked account money. Choosing “credit” does not turn it into a loan or build credit by itself.
A small example
Using the credit option with your bank debit card for $20 still reduces your bank money by $20 when processed.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check the actual card type in the bank app.
- Follow the terminal’s instructions and protect your PIN.
- Keep enough money for pending purchases; a delay is not extra money to spend.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain ““Debit or credit?” at checkout” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A checkout choice about how a card payment is processed. It does not necessarily change the kind of card you own.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this a debit card, and what changes when I choose either option?”
CFPB: debit, prepaid, and credit cards (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Accessibility requestA request for assistance or arrangements suited to a traveler’s needs.
How it works
Contact the actual provider early and confirm what it can supply.
A small example
A traveler asks about step-free access and transfer assistance for the specific route.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Contact the actual provider early and confirm what it can supply.
- Where and when will the agreed assistance meet me?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Accessibility request” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A request for assistance or arrangements suited to a traveler’s needs.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where and when will the agreed assistance meet me?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Account sessionA currently authorized sign-in on a device or browser.
How it works
Review active sessions and revoke old or unfamiliar access using official controls.
A small example
Signing out a lost tablet ends its listed session where the service supports that action.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Review active sessions and revoke old or unfamiliar access using official controls.
- Which devices should still have access?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Account session” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A currently authorized sign-in on a device or browser.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which devices should still have access?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Accrued interest and capitalizationAccrued interest is interest that has built up. Capitalization means adding unpaid interest to the loan’s principal when the rules allow it.
How it works
After capitalization, interest may be calculated on a larger principal balance. Not every loan adds interest the same way or at the same time.
A small example
A $1,000 principal plus $40 capitalized interest becomes $1,040 principal. Future interest can then be based on $1,040.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the interest section for your exact loan type.
- Ask for an example covering school, pauses, and repayment.
- Do not assume no payment due means no interest.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Accrued interest and capitalization” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Accrued interest is interest that has built up. Capitalization means adding unpaid interest to the loan’s principal when the rules allow it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“When does interest build up, and when could it be added to principal?”
Federal Student Aid: subsidized and unsubsidized loans (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

ACTA college admission test with English, math, and reading at its core.
How it works
The enhanced ACT composite is based on those three subjects. Science and writing options depend on the test arrangement; confirm school and program requirements before choosing.
A small example
You can compare an official SAT practice test with an official ACT practice test before deciding which to prepare for.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check whether your intended school or scholarship needs particular ACT options.
- Register through ACT and read the instructions for your chosen test format and date.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “ACT” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A college admission test with English, math, and reading at its core.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does this test arrangement include science or writing, and does my intended program need either?”
ACT: enhanced-test questions and answers (opens a new tab)Air filter and filter sizeA removable part that catches particles as air passes through it.
How it works
A home HVAC filter may be at a return grille or inside a user-accessible slot. Its printed size is often a rounded size, such as 20 × 25 × 1 inches. Actual measurements may differ.
A small example
The example size means roughly 20 inches long, 25 wide, and 1 thick. Your system may need a different size or filter type.
Start here, one step at a time
- Turn the system off at its normal control before using the manual’s filter-access steps.
- Read and photograph the old filter’s size and airflow arrow. Check the manual; do not assume a wrong old filter is correct.
- Get the specified replacement, install with the arrow pointing in the required airflow direction, close the access, and record the date. Stop if access is unsafe.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Air filter and filter size” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A removable part that catches particles as air passes through it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which exact size, type, airflow direction, and replacement schedule does this system require?”
Department of Energy: home energy checklist (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Air-drying dishesLetting rinsed dishes dry on a clean rack without wiping.
How it works
Arrange items to drain and allow airflow; keep the rack clean.
A small example
A rinsed cup rests upside down at an angle on a rack.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Arrange items to drain and allow airflow; keep the rack clean.
- Can water drain away without the dish sitting in dirty water?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Air-drying dishes” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Letting rinsed dishes dry on a clean rack without wiping.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can water drain away without the dish sitting in dirty water?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)AmortizationA plan showing how each payment gradually pays off a loan.
How it works
For a standard fixed-rate, fully amortizing loan, the principal-and-interest payment stays level. Early payments usually contain more interest; later payments reduce more principal.
A small example
A $1,199.10 first payment might include $1,000 interest and $199.10 principal in the example lesson below.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask for a schedule listing each payment.
- Compare the first and last rows to see how the interest and principal portions change.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Amortization” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A plan showing how each payment gradually pays off a loan.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“May I see the amortization schedule for this exact offer?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)App permissionAuthorization for software to access a device feature or data.
How it works
Review whether access to location, contacts, camera, or microphone fits the task.
A small example
A navigation app may need location while a simple calculator usually does not.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Review whether access to location, contacts, camera, or microphone fits the task.
- Does this permission need to be always allowed?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “App permission” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Authorization for software to access a device feature or data.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does this permission need to be always allowed?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)APR — annual percentage rateAPR means annual percentage rate. It helps describe the yearly cost of borrowing.
How it works
Annual means “for one year.” A percentage is a part out of 100. For a mortgage, APR includes interest and certain loan charges. For a credit card, APR usually describes an interest rate, while some fees are separate. There can be different APRs for purchases, cash advances, and late-payment situations. Compare the same kind of borrowing and read all fees.
A small example
A loan with a lower advertised interest rate can still cost more after fees. Compare the actual disclosures.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the APR and the interest rate in the written offer.
- Compare offers for the same amount and length, including fees and total payments.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “APR — annual percentage rate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “APR means annual percentage rate. It helps describe the yearly cost of borrowing.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which fees are included in this APR, and which costs are separate?”
CFPB: mortgage interest rate and APR (opens a new tab)APY — annual percentage yieldA yearly percentage for deposit earnings that reflects compounding under stated assumptions.
How it works
APY describes earnings on eligible deposits; APR describes a borrowing rate or cost measure. Fees, rate changes, and withdrawals can change what you actually earn.
A small example
A fixed 5% APY on an untouched $100 for a year would earn $5 before fees and taxes.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare the APY, fees, and minimum balance for similar savings accounts.
- Ask whether the rate is temporary or can change and how to withdraw money.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “APY — annual percentage yield” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A yearly percentage for deposit earnings that reflects compounding under stated assumptions.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can this rate change, and what fees or balance conditions apply?”
Authenticator appAn app that produces codes or approvals for supported accounts.
How it works
Set up the account deliberately and protect the device and recovery route.
A small example
A time-based code changes periodically and must be entered on the genuine service.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Set up the account deliberately and protect the device and recovery route.
- What is the recovery process if my phone is lost?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Authenticator app” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An app that produces codes or approvals for supported accounts.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is the recovery process if my phone is lost?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Authorized user vs. co-signerAn authorized user has permission to use a card account. A co-signer promises to repay a debt with the borrower.
How it works
An authorized user is generally not legally responsible for the primary cardholder’s debt merely because they are a user. The account owner is responsible; account reporting may help or hurt a user’s credit. A co-signer is legally responsible for the loan if the borrower does not pay, even if the co-signer never uses the money or car. A joint owner is another role. Read the agreement and ask the lender to explain your exact responsibility.
A small example
A parent lets Alex use a card for groceries: that may be an authorized-user arrangement. The same parent co-signing Alex’s car loan is promising repayment. If Alex misses payments, the parent can owe money and both credit records can be affected.
Start here, one step at a time
- Name the exact role being proposed: card user, joint owner, borrower, or co-signer.
- Ask the issuer who legally owes the debt and how each person’s credit may be affected.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Authorized user vs. co-signer” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An authorized user has permission to use a card account. A co-signer promises to repay a debt with the borrower.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What am I legally responsible for, and how will this affect my credit record?”
CFPB: sharing credit (PDF) (opens a new tab)AutopayPermission for a company to collect payments automatically under agreed terms.
How it works
Check the amount, date, funding account, and cancellation instructions. Keep enough money available and still review bills. Canceling payment alone may not end a contract.
A small example
A free trial can become a paid subscription unless canceled as required.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check amount, timing, account, and cancellation instructions before turning it on.
- Keep a balance cushion where possible and review each charge.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Autopay” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Permission for a company to collect payments automatically under agreed terms.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How do I stop the service and the payment authorization, and get confirmation?”
FTC: subscriptions and cancellation (opens a new tab)BackupA recoverable copy of data made for loss or damage.
How it works
Keep it protected and test that it can restore the files you need.
A small example
An independent copy lets you restore a document after a drive fails.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Keep it protected and test that it can restore the files you need.
- When was the last successful restore test?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Backup” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A recoverable copy of data made for loss or damage.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“When was the last successful restore test?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Baggage allowanceThe quantity and limits of luggage included or permitted.
How it works
Number, dimensions, weight, and route may all matter.
A small example
Two small bags do not automatically replace one allowed bag.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Number, dimensions, weight, and route may all matter.
- What allowance applies to every segment of this ticket?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Baggage allowance” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The quantity and limits of luggage included or permitted.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What allowance applies to every segment of this ticket?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)BeneficiaryThe person or organization named to receive money or another benefit under an account or policy.
How it works
For example, a life-insurance policy owner may name who receives a covered death benefit. This is different from an emergency contact. The owner or other authorized person follows the provider’s signing rules; some changes require additional consent. A beneficiary does not automatically control the policy or sign for the owner. Ask about primary and backup choices, minors, and any special rules.
A small example
You name Jordan as a primary beneficiary and Casey as a backup under the provider’s rules. You later marry; check the record because marriage does not automatically update every designation.
Start here, one step at a time
- Review the current beneficiary with the account or policy provider.
- Use its official change form and ask when the change becomes effective.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Beneficiary” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The person or organization named to receive money or another benefit under an account or policy.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How do I update this designation, and when does it become effective?”
NAIC: find your state insurance department (opens a new tab)Billing cycle and due dateThe cycle is the time covered by a bill; the due date is when payment is required.
How it works
Check both dates. The bill can include past usage, future service, or adjustments. A start date is not always the first billing date.
A small example
Service used in April might be billed in May.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the start/end dates and due date on the bill.
- Set a reminder early enough for the payment to arrive.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Billing cycle and due date” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The cycle is the time covered by a bill; the due date is when payment is required.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What dates does this bill cover, and is the first bill different?”
Birth certificateA government record of a birth, usually listing when and where a person was born and their parents.
How it works
For a U.S. birth, the birth is registered with the responsible vital-records office. A certified copy comes from the state or territory where the birth occurred, sometimes through a local office. A hospital souvenir is not the same thing.
A small example
If you were born in Ohio and now live elsewhere, start with Ohio’s vital-records instructions.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use USAGov’s birth-certificate page to find the correct issuing office.
- Check who may order, accepted ID, fee, and delivery time.
- For a birth abroad, use the separate consular-record or foreign-record route that fits your birth.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Birth certificate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A government record of a birth, usually listing when and where a person was born and their parents.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How do I prove I may request this record, and is this the certified version I need?”
USAGov: get a certified birth certificate (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

BlowerThe fan that pushes air through parts of a heating or cooling system.
How it works
It is often inside the indoor equipment. It moves air; the outdoor condenser does a different job. Filters protect airflow and equipment.
A small example
If air is weak, a dirty filter is one possible cause—not proof that the blower is broken.
Start here, one step at a time
- Locate the equipment from outside its closed case.
- Check only the user-accessible items described in your manual.
- Ask a qualified HVAC technician to handle internal parts or electrical work.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Blower” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The fan that pushes air through parts of a heating or cooling system.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which filter serves this blower, and who should check unusual sounds?”
Department of Energy: home cooling explained (PDF) (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Booking referenceA provider’s code for finding a reservation.
How it works
Keep it with the provider name and exact traveler details in protected records.
A small example
An airline and a hotel issue different reference codes for the same trip.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Keep it with the provider name and exact traveler details in protected records.
- Which provider issued this reference?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Booking reference” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A provider’s code for finding a reservation.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which provider issued this reference?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Borrower and lenderThe borrower takes a loan. The lender gives the loan and expects repayment.
How it works
A loan servicer may be a different company that sends bills and handles payments. An adviser or salesperson is not automatically the lender.
A small example
If a bank lends you $500, you are the borrower and the bank is the lender.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find both names on the agreement.
- Use verified contact details on official statements.
- Keep any notice of a servicer change.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Borrower and lender” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The borrower takes a loan. The lender gives the loan and expects repayment.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who lends the money, who sends the bill, and who do I contact about a problem?”
FTC: understanding your credit (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

BudgetA plan that gives your expected money specific jobs.
How it works
Add the money you expect to receive, subtract planned costs, then check the dates. A positive monthly total does not guarantee enough cash on an earlier bill date.
A small example
Income $1,000 minus costs $850 leaves $150 to assign or keep available.
Start here, one step at a time
- Write the money you can count on receiving, with dates.
- List bills, food, transport, savings, and due dates. Subtract costs and adjust until the plan fits.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Budget” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A plan that gives your expected money specific jobs.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Are these numbers confirmed, estimated, or just hoped for?”
Campus map and building codeA campus map shows school buildings and routes. A building code is a short name used on a schedule.
How it works
Your schedule may say “SCI 204.” That could mean Science Building, room 204. Schools choose their own codes. A map may have separate views for parking and accessible entrances.
A small example
Two campuses can each have a Science Building. Use the campus address printed on your actual class schedule.
Start here, one step at a time
- Search your school’s official website for “campus map.”
- Choose the correct campus. Download its offered PDF, or save/print the official map if permitted.
- Mark your buildings, parking or bus stop, and help desk. Walk the route before the first class.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Campus map and building code” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A campus map shows school buildings and routes. A building code is a short name used on a schedule.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where is the official map for my campus, and which entrance can I use?”
Example: CU Boulder official campus map (use your own school’s map) (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Campus parking permitPermission to park a certain vehicle in certain school parking areas under stated rules.
How it works
A permit may be a sticker, hanging tag, or license plate registered online. It may work only in named zones and hours. It usually does not promise an open space.
A small example
A commuter permit for lot C does not automatically allow parking in a resident lot or an accessible space.
Start here, one step at a time
- On the official school site, search “parking and transportation.”
- Read student, commuter, resident, visitor, and accessible-parking rules. Look up the map legend.
- Use the department’s official contact page or school directory to find its phone number. Ask before paying for a permit.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Campus parking permit” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Permission to park a certain vehicle in certain school parking areas under stated rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which permit fits my classes and housing, and where may I park at these times?”
Example: CU Boulder parking office and maps (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Cancellation windowThe stated period when a cancellation has particular terms.
How it works
Record the deadline, time zone, channel, and any fee.
A small example
A room canceled after its deadline may incur a charge under the booking terms.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Record the deadline, time zone, channel, and any fee.
- Which local time applies to the deadline?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Cancellation window” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The stated period when a cancellation has particular terms.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which local time applies to the deadline?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Carry-on bagA bag kept in the passenger cabin when the carrier permits it.
How it works
Follow each carrier’s size, weight, and item rules.
A small example
A bag that fits one airline’s limit may not fit a smaller carrier’s rule.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Follow each carrier’s size, weight, and item rules.
- Does this ticket include this bag size?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Carry-on bag” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A bag kept in the passenger cabin when the carrier permits it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does this ticket include this bag size?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Cash to closeThe estimated or final amount you still need to provide to complete the transaction.
How it works
It accounts for relevant down payment, costs, credits, and money already paid. Use the current written disclosure and verify payment instructions independently.
A small example
If the required total is $32,000 and an applicable $2,000 deposit has already been paid, the remaining amount could be $30,000.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the latest written cash-to-close amount.
- Call your known closing contact to verify payment instructions before sending money.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Cash to close” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The estimated or final amount you still need to provide to complete the transaction.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How did you calculate this total, and what could still change?”
CFPB: read a Loan Estimate (opens a new tab)Certified copyAn official copy verified by the issuing authority.
How it works
Ask the organization requesting the document what form it accepts. A photocopy, notarized copy, and certified government copy are not interchangeable.
A small example
A phone picture may help you remember details but may not be accepted for an official application.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask the receiving organization which version it needs.
- Order the certified copy from the issuing authority when that is required.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Certified copy” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An official copy verified by the issuing authority.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do you need the original, a certified copy, or a plain copy?”
USAGov: official document replacements (opens a new tab)Check-in windowThe period when a provider permits or requires check-in.
How it works
Use the actual provider’s cutoff; it differs from the departure time.
A small example
A flight departing at 10:00 may stop accepting checked bags earlier.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Use the actual provider’s cutoff; it differs from the departure time.
- What is the cutoff for this airport and ticket?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Check-in window” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The period when a provider permits or requires check-in.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is the cutoff for this airport and ticket?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Checked baggageLuggage handed to the carrier for transport outside your immediate possession.
How it works
Check fees, weight limits, item restrictions, and collection arrangements.
A small example
A checked bag is tagged at departure and collected at the relevant arrival point.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Check fees, weight limits, item restrictions, and collection arrangements.
- Do I need to collect and recheck it during a connection?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Checked baggage” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Luggage handed to the carrier for transport outside your immediate possession.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do I need to collect and recheck it during a connection?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Closing costsCharges involved in completing the property purchase and loan.
How it works
These can include lender and settlement services. Read the itemized disclosures. They are not the same as your down payment, moving budget, or repairs.
A small example
A $25,000 down payment plus $7,000 of other required cash would mean $32,000 before adjustments for amounts already paid or credits.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask for an item-by-item list of charges.
- Mark which are already paid and which remain due; ask about anything you cannot name.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Closing costs” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Charges involved in completing the property purchase and loan.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which costs are included in the cash I must bring?”
CFPB: read a Loan Estimate (opens a new tab)Collateral and secured loanCollateral is property a lender can claim through the applicable process if the borrower does not repay a secured loan.
How it works
A car can secure an auto loan. A home can secure a mortgage. An unsecured loan has no named collateral but is still a debt you must repay.
A small example
Missing payments on a car loan can put the car at risk. It is not just a late-fee issue.
Start here, one step at a time
- Look for “security interest” or “collateral” in the agreement.
- Ask what happens after a missed payment.
- Do not pledge property you do not understand you are risking.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Collateral and secured loan” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Collateral is property a lender can claim through the applicable process if the borrower does not repay a secured loan.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which property secures this loan, and what can happen if I miss payments?”
FTC: understanding your credit (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

College credit hoursCollege credits are units that count how much a course adds toward a degree.
How it works
A three-credit class adds three credits when you earn credit under the school’s rules. Credits are not money and are unrelated to a credit score. Many traditional three-credit courses meet about three hours weekly and expect additional work outside class, but labs, online courses, and short terms differ. Credits also affect tuition and full-time status. Ask your school about your program and aid rules.
A small example
Four three-credit courses equal 12 credits. If each meets for three hours and you plan six hours of outside work per course, that is 12 + 24 = 36 hours a week in this example. Your actual workload can differ. A 120-credit degree needs the right required courses, not just any 120 credits.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open your program’s degree plan with an adviser.
- List each course’s credits and weekly class/study time before choosing a manageable schedule.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “College credit hours” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “College credits are units that count how much a course adds toward a degree.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Will these courses count toward my program, and will they transfer where I plan to go?”
CommuteThe regular trip between where you live and school or work.
How it works
Compare travel time, reliability, fares, parking, and fuel. Visit or check the route during the hours you would actually travel.
A small example
An apartment $80 cheaper but requiring $140 more transportation costs $60 more overall.
Start here, one step at a time
- Map the trip at the time you would actually travel.
- Check return trips, weekend service, parking, and the full monthly cost.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Commute” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The regular trip between where you live and school or work.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What would this trip cost each month, and can I get home after a late shift?”
Condenser and condensationA condenser is a part of a cooling system that releases heat. Condensation is water formed when moist air meets a cold surface.
How it works
In a common split air conditioner, the outdoor unit releases heat. Indoors, moisture can collect on the cold coil and flow through a drain. A heat pump can reverse the heat flow.
A small example
Water from a cold glass is condensation. The outdoor metal AC unit is not called a “condensation unit.”
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the picture to recognize the outdoor unit without touching its parts.
- Keep normal access clear as your manual directs.
- Report damaged wires, persistent leaks, or unusual sounds; do not open the cabinet.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Condenser and condensation” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A condenser is a part of a cooling system that releases heat. Condensation is water formed when moist air meets a cold surface.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this a normal drain, a leak, or a problem needing an HVAC technician?”
Department of Energy: home cooling explained (PDF) (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Connection bufferTime reserved between travel segments.
How it works
Allow for transfer distance, check-in, screening, and possible delays.
A small example
A connection across different terminals needs more planning than changing nearby gates.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Allow for transfer distance, check-in, screening, and possible delays.
- If the first leg is late, who is responsible for the next booking?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Connection buffer” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Time reserved between travel segments.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“If the first leg is late, who is responsible for the next booking?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Cost of attendance and net priceCost of attendance is a school’s estimate of school and living costs. Net price is that estimate minus grants and scholarships.
How it works
Tuition is only one part. Cost of attendance can include fees, housing, food, books, transport, and other allowed costs. Some go on the school bill; others are paid elsewhere. The estimate can differ from your own spending. Net price shows what remains to fund before loans or work. A loan pays a bill now but creates debt; it is not a discount.
A small example
Tuition/fees $10,000 + living and other costs $14,000 = $24,000. Subtract $9,000 in grants/scholarships: net price is $15,000. If you borrow $5,000, you still need to fund $10,000 now and later repay the loan under its terms.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the school’s cost of attendance for your actual housing plan.
- Subtract grants and scholarships only. Keep loans and expected job earnings on separate lines.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Cost of attendance and net price” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Cost of attendance is a school’s estimate of school and living costs. Net price is that estimate minus grants and scholarships.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which costs are estimates, and which aid does not have to be repaid?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)Coverage limit and exclusionA limit caps a benefit; an exclusion describes something the policy does not cover.
How it works
A low premium alone does not tell you what protection you have. Read the declarations and coverage wording, and ask about special limits.
A small example
A covered item worth $2,000 may not receive $2,000 if a smaller special limit applies.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the policy summary and full coverage wording.
- Ask about your actual items and situations, including special limits and exclusions.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Coverage limit and exclusion” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A limit caps a benefit; an exclusion describes something the policy does not cover.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this situation covered, and what limit or exclusion applies?”
NAIC: understand a home or renters policy (opens a new tab)CreditAn agreement to borrow money or receive something now and pay later.
How it works
Credit is not extra income. A credit limit is permission to borrow up to an amount, subject to terms. Your borrowing and repayment history can be recorded and used by businesses evaluating applications.
A small example
A $1,000 card limit does not add $1,000 to your earnings. A $100 purchase creates a repayment obligation.
Start here, one step at a time
- List anything you borrow and must repay.
- Before borrowing more, write the due dates, costs, and money available to pay.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An agreement to borrow money or receive something now and pay later.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What must I repay, when, and with which fees or interest?”
FTC: understanding your credit (opens a new tab)Credit bureauA company that collects and supplies credit-report information.
How it works
The three major U.S. nationwide bureaus are Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Reports may differ because not every business supplies the same data to each company.
A small example
A correction at one bureau does not mean you should assume every other report already changed.
Start here, one step at a time
- Note which bureau supplied the report you are reading.
- Check the other major reports too; information may differ.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit bureau” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A company that collects and supplies credit-report information.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which bureau’s report contains this item?”
FTC: understanding your credit (opens a new tab)Credit cardA card that lets you borrow from the card company up to an approved limit.
How it works
Each purchase adds to what you owe. A statement tells you the payment due date and minimum. Interest may be charged if the terms for avoiding it are not met.
A small example
A $20 purchase creates $20 to repay. It does not come out of your checking account immediately unless you have arranged a payment.
Start here, one step at a time
- Know the credit limit, due date, APR, and fees.
- Budget for the purchases before making them.
- Read each statement and make the required payment on time.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A card that lets you borrow from the card company up to an approved limit.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How do I pay the full statement balance, and when would interest apply?”
CFPB: debit, prepaid, and credit cards (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Credit freeze and fraud alertA freeze restricts access to your credit file for many new-credit checks. A fraud alert asks creditors to take identity-verification steps.
How it works
They are different protections. A freeze does not fix existing fraud or stop every kind of account misuse. Use the bureaus’ official processes and keep recovery information secure.
A small example
You may need to temporarily lift a freeze when applying for a legitimate new account.
Start here, one step at a time
- Follow each bureau’s official freeze instructions when you choose to freeze.
- Keep access details secure and plan a temporary lift when a legitimate application needs it.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit freeze and fraud alert” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A freeze restricts access to your credit file for many new-credit checks. A fraud alert asks creditors to take identity-verification steps.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which bureaus must I contact, and how will I lift the freeze when needed?”
FTC: credit freezes and fraud alerts (opens a new tab)Credit report and credit scoreA report contains credit-history information. A score is a number calculated from information in a report.
How it works
They are different products. You can have different scores because the data, scoring model, and date differ. A score is a risk estimate, not a rating of your worth or intelligence.
A small example
A score shown in one app may differ from the score a mortgage lender uses.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the official free-report route linked by the FTC.
- Check names, accounts, and payment history; report a specific error through the official dispute process.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit report and credit score” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A report contains credit-history information. A score is a number calculated from information in a report.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which report and scoring model are you using?”
CFPB: understand your credit score (opens a new tab)Credit utilizationHow much of your available revolving credit is being used, often expressed as a percentage.
How it works
Calculate balance ÷ limit × 100. Scoring can look at individual accounts and totals, using reported balances that may differ from today’s app balance. There is no magic percentage that guarantees approval.
A small example
A $200 reported balance ÷ a $1,000 limit × 100 = 20%.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the reported balance and credit limit.
- Divide balance by limit, then multiply by 100; do not borrow just to create a percentage.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit utilization” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “How much of your available revolving credit is being used, often expressed as a percentage.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which balance and reporting date produced this percentage?”
CFPB: understand your credit score (opens a new tab)Credit-card grace periodA period during which eligible purchases may avoid interest if the account’s conditions are met.
How it works
Many cards require the full statement balance by the due date to preserve this benefit. It can be lost when carrying a balance. Cash advances often work differently. Check the specific agreement.
A small example
If your $200 statement qualifies for a grace period, paying the full required statement balance on time can avoid purchase interest.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the purchase-interest section of the card agreement.
- Ask whether you currently qualify and which full amount must arrive by the due date.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit-card grace period” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A period during which eligible purchases may avoid interest if the account’s conditions are met.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do I currently have a grace period, and which transactions qualify?”
CFPB: credit-card grace periods (opens a new tab)Credit-report disputeA request to investigate information you believe is wrong or incomplete.
How it works
Identify the exact item, explain the error, and follow the bureau’s and reporting company’s processes with supporting copies. Keep records of submissions and results.
A small example
If a report shows a late payment you made on time, include evidence of the payment in the official dispute.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the exact account and error, then collect supporting records.
- Submit through the bureau and company’s verified process; save copies and follow the response.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Credit-report dispute” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A request to investigate information you believe is wrong or incomplete.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where should I submit this dispute and how will I receive the result?”
CFPB: dispute a credit-report error (opens a new tab)Cross-contaminationTransfer of harmful germs between foods, hands, or surfaces.
How it works
Separate raw animal foods and their utensils from ready-to-eat foods; clean appropriately between tasks.
A small example
A board used for raw chicken is not ready for salad just because crumbs were brushed off.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Separate raw animal foods and their utensils from ready-to-eat foods; clean appropriately between tasks.
- Which tools and surfaces touched raw food?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Cross-contamination” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Transfer of harmful germs between foods, hands, or surfaces.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which tools and surfaces touched raw food?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Crown molding and baseboardDecorative trim covers or finishes edges in a room. Crown molding is near the ceiling; baseboard is near the floor.
How it works
These parts are different from the main wall. Materials vary. Swelling, soft areas, or stains may be clues to a moisture problem.
A small example
A strip where the wall meets the ceiling is crown molding. A strip along the floor is baseboard.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the picture to name the part when reporting a problem.
- Photograph damage and note whether it is spreading or damp.
- Ask the owner before painting or removing trim; older coatings and hidden wiring need care.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Crown molding and baseboard” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Decorative trim covers or finishes edges in a room. Crown molding is near the ceiling; baseboard is near the floor.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this just surface damage, or should someone check for a leak?”
FTC: check a home-repair contractor (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Dealership, independent shop, and quick-lube shopDifferent kinds of businesses that service vehicles.
How it works
A dealership handles a particular brand and may perform its recalls and warranty repairs. Independent shops can offer broad repairs. Quick-lube shops often focus on routine services. Skills, tools, price, and scope vary by location.
A small example
A quick oil service may not include a full diagnosis. Independent maintenance does not automatically cancel a manufacturer warranty.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check the manual and any warranty or recall instructions.
- Compare itemized prices for the same work and ask about experience with your model.
- Keep receipts showing date, mileage, parts, and fluids; ask the manufacturer about covered warranty work.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Dealership, independent shop, and quick-lube shop” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Different kinds of businesses that service vehicles.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can you service this model correctly, what is included, and who approves extra charges?”
FTC: dealer and independent maintenance (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Debit cardA card that usually spends money from your bank or credit-union account.
How it works
It is a way to reach your own account money. If a bank lets you spend more than you have, an overdraft or a linked borrowing feature may create money owed and fees.
A small example
You have $100 available. A $20 purchase leaves about $80, before other pending payments or fees.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the word “debit” on the card or in the bank app.
- Check your available balance and pending payments before buying.
- Read overdraft and ATM fees.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Debit card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A card that usually spends money from your bank or credit-union account.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which account does this card use, and can it overdraw that account?”
CFPB: debit, prepaid, and credit cards (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

DeductibleThe part of certain covered costs you are responsible for under your insurance policy.
How it works
For a simple property claim, the insurer may subtract the deductible from the covered payment instead of asking you to pay the insurer first. Health plans often use a yearly deductible for certain services, followed by other cost sharing; some services are covered before it. Other policies can use per-claim or percentage deductibles. Always ask which rule applies to this coverage.
A small example
For a covered $1,500 car repair with a $500 deductible and no other adjustments, the insurer’s share is $1,000 and your share is $500. This is separate from the premium you already paid.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the deductible for the particular coverage, not just the first number on the page.
- Ask the insurer to show how it would apply to a small example claim.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Deductible” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The part of certain covered costs you are responsible for under your insurance policy.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which deductible applies to this exact loss?”
NAIC: understand a home or renters policy (opens a new tab)Deferment and forbearanceApproved ways to pause or reduce payments under certain loan rules.
How it works
A pause is not forgiveness. Interest may continue. Eligibility, duration, and consequences differ, so get the servicer’s written terms before relying on a pause.
A small example
If payments stop for a month but interest continues, the debt may still grow.
Start here, one step at a time
- Contact the actual servicer before you stop paying.
- Ask about the options available for your loan.
- Keep the approval and restart date.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Deferment and forbearance” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Approved ways to pause or reduce payments under certain loan rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Would interest continue, and what happens when the pause ends?”
Federal Student Aid: financial-aid words (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Device encryptionProtection that makes stored data unreadable without the needed key.
How it works
Use supported device settings and secure any recovery key.
A small example
A locked encrypted drive is different from a folder merely hidden from view.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Use supported device settings and secure any recovery key.
- Where is my recovery key stored securely?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Device encryption” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Protection that makes stored data unreadable without the needed key.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where is my recovery key stored securely?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Dishwasher filter and drainingA dishwasher pumps used water out. Some models have a removable filter that catches food.
How it works
A little water in a filter well can be normal. Water standing across the tub after a finished cycle needs checking. Controls and user-cleanable filters vary.
A small example
“Cancel/Drain” may run a drain cycle on one model; another uses a different button sequence.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the manual and try only its normal cancel/drain instructions. Stop if it leaks or smells electrical.
- Before removing a user-cleanable filter, switch off power as the manual instructs. Do not reach blindly into debris or broken glass.
- Clean and refit only approved parts. For persistent water, call maintenance or an appliance technician; do not disconnect hoses or pour in drain cleaner.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Dishwasher filter and draining” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A dishwasher pumps used water out. Some models have a removable filter that catches food.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which draining and filter-cleaning steps are approved for this model?”
Whirlpool: water remaining after a cycle (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Domain nameThe website name within a web address.
How it works
Read the actual destination carefully; a familiar logo or word somewhere in a URL proves little.
A small example
A message can display a bank name while linking to an unrelated domain.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Read the actual destination carefully; a familiar logo or word somewhere in a URL proves little.
- Did I reach this page through the official app or a trusted bookmark?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Domain name” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The website name within a web address.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Did I reach this page through the official app or a trusted bookmark?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Dorm or residence hallSchool-managed housing where students live during school.
How it works
You may share a bedroom or bathroom. A contract may cover school terms rather than a full year. Meal plans, breaks, guests, room changes, and move-in dates have rules.
A small example
A room costing $3,000 for a semester is not necessarily available during winter break.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the school’s Housing or Residence Life page.
- Read eligibility, room choices, the contract, and the official packing list.
- Confirm the deadline, deposit, meal-plan rules, and key pickup location.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Dorm or residence hall” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “School-managed housing where students live during school.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is included, what is shared, and where can I stay during breaks?”
Example: CU Boulder housing options (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Down paymentThe part of the purchase price you pay upfront from your own funds or other permitted sources, instead of financing it.
How it works
It is separate from many closing costs. Required amounts depend on the program, lender, and situation; there is no universal 20% requirement for every mortgage.
A small example
10% of a $250,000 price is $25,000. Price minus that down payment leaves $225,000 before financed costs.
Start here, one step at a time
- Multiply the price by the down-payment percentage written as a decimal.
- Add closing costs and money needed after the move; do not spend your entire savings on the down payment.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Down payment” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The part of the purchase price you pay upfront from your own funds or other permitted sources, instead of financing it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What down-payment options apply, and how would each affect the other costs?”
CFPB: understand down payments (opens a new tab)Driver’s license and license numberA state document that allows you to drive certain vehicles under its rules.
How it works
The card usually has a number labeled “DL,” “DLN,” “License No.,” or something similar. That is different from a vehicle’s VIN. Restrictions and expiration still matter.
A small example
An insurer asks for your license number to identify the driver and your VIN to identify the car.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the front and back of your card. Look for the license-number label.
- If unclear, use your state agency’s sample card or call its official number.
- Share the number only with a verified organization that needs it.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Driver’s license and license number” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A state document that allows you to drive certain vehicles under its rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where is the license number on my state’s card, and which restrictions apply to me?”
USAGov: state motor-vehicle services (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Earnest money and contingenciesEarnest money is a deposit connected to an offer. A contingency is a written condition in the purchase agreement.
How it works
Whether you can recover a deposit can depend on the contract, deadlines, and local law. Have a qualified local professional explain the terms before signing.
A small example
An inspection condition is only useful if you understand its deadline and required notice.
Start here, one step at a time
- Have your agent or qualified local adviser explain refund conditions in your actual contract.
- Write down every deadline and how any required notice must be delivered.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Earnest money and contingencies” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Earnest money is a deposit connected to an offer. A contingency is a written condition in the purchase agreement.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Under exactly which conditions could I withdraw, and what happens to my deposit?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)Edible yieldThe usable amount left after trimming or preparation.
How it works
Account for peels, bones, or discarded portions when comparing quantities.
A small example
A whole item weighing two pounds may provide less than two pounds of edible food.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Account for peels, bones, or discarded portions when comparing quantities.
- How much of this purchase will we actually use?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Edible yield” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The usable amount left after trimming or preparation.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How much of this purchase will we actually use?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Emergency contactA person an organization should try to reach if you need urgent help.
How it works
Choose someone who agrees to be contacted and can usually answer. Give the requested name, relationship, and phone number. Schools, employers, and clinics keep separate records. This does not by itself make the person a legal guardian, medical decision-maker, co-signer, or beneficiary.
A small example
You list your aunt at college with her permission. If the school needs to reach someone about an emergency, it can call her. That does not let her sign a loan for you.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask someone dependable whether you may list them.
- Confirm their number, enter it separately at school and work, and update it when it changes.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Emergency contact” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A person an organization should try to reach if you need urgent help.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who should be contacted first, and what should they know?”
Ready.gov: household preparation (opens a new tab)Emergency savings and planned-cost savingsEmergency savings is money for unexpected needs. Planned-cost savings is money set aside for a known future bill.
How it works
Keep an annual renewal or predictable service on the plan instead of treating it as a surprise. Choose amounts that fit your circumstances.
A small example
A $240 yearly bill can be planned as $20 a month for 12 months if you start in time.
Start here, one step at a time
- Write the amount and date of the next known big bill.
- Divide by the number of saving periods left; keep unexpected-emergency savings separate if possible.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Emergency savings and planned-cost savings” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Emergency savings is money for unexpected needs. Planned-cost savings is money set aside for a known future bill.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How much time is actually left before this bill is due?”
End of supportThe point when a provider stops maintaining a product under its policy.
How it works
Check the maker’s policy and plan a supported alternative when necessary.
A small example
A device still turns on even though security fixes are no longer supplied.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Check the maker’s policy and plan a supported alternative when necessary.
- Is this exact version still receiving security fixes?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “End of support” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The point when a provider stops maintaining a product under its policy.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this exact version still receiving security fixes?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)EscrowAn arrangement in which another party holds money for a stated purpose.
How it works
During a purchase, escrow may hold transaction funds. After purchase, a mortgage escrow account may collect money for taxes and insurance. These are related uses of the word, not the same stage.
A small example
An estimated $3,600 yearly tax bill would require about $300 a month set aside, before any cushion or adjustment.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask which bills the account will pay.
- Keep track of bills you must still pay yourself and review annual changes.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Escrow” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An arrangement in which another party holds money for a stated purpose.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which bills will this escrow account pay, and which must I pay directly?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)Estimate and quoteA written price proposal whose commitments depend on its wording and applicable rules.
How it works
Ask what is included, what can change, and whether the price is binding. Compare the same work, quantity, and time period.
A small example
A mover’s hourly rate can apply to a whole crew or each worker; those totals differ.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask for the same written scope from each provider.
- Clarify what can increase the price and require your approval for changes.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Estimate and quote” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A written price proposal whose commitments depend on its wording and applicable rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this a binding price, and which situations would increase it?”
FMCSA: protect your interstate move (opens a new tab)EV charging, kW, and kWhkW measures charging power. kWh measures an amount of energy, like the electricity added to a battery.
How it works
Charging speed depends on the car, charger, temperature, and battery level. Home charging may need an electrician and property approval. Use equipment approved for the car and location, not an improvised extension-cord setup.
A small example
Adding 30 kWh at $0.20 per kWh costs $6 for energy before losses, fees, or taxes. At a constant 7 kW, 30 ÷ 7 is about 4.3 hours; real times vary.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the vehicle manual and charger operator’s instructions to confirm compatibility.
- Plan a reliable charging option and a backup.
- Follow the displayed start, payment, and stop steps; keep connectors dry and undamaged.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “EV charging, kW, and kWh” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “kW measures charging power. kWh measures an amount of energy, like the electricity added to a battery.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this connector compatible, what is the total price, and are there idle or parking fees?”
Department of Energy: electric-vehicle types (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

EV, hybrid, and plug-in hybridA battery EV runs on stored electricity. A hybrid has an engine and electric assistance. A plug-in hybrid has an engine and can also charge from a plug.
How it works
Battery EVs need charging access. Ordinary hybrids do not plug in. Plug-in hybrids still need engine maintenance. Read the exact model’s manual rather than assuming all electrified cars are alike.
A small example
A battery EV has no engine-oil change, but still needs tire, brake, filter, and other scheduled care.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the exact vehicle type and charging connector.
- Check your parking and charging access before buying.
- Follow its maintenance schedule; leave orange high-voltage parts and battery repairs to qualified technicians.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “EV, hybrid, and plug-in hybrid” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A battery EV runs on stored electricity. A hybrid has an engine and electric assistance. A plug-in hybrid has an engine and can also charge from a plug.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What powers this model, where can I charge, and what maintenance does its manual require?”
Department of Energy: EV maintenance and safety (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Evacuation and shelter in placeEvacuation means leaving for safety; shelter in place means staying in a safer location as directed.
How it works
The right action depends on the hazard and official instructions. Know local alerts, accessible routes, household needs, and a meeting point.
A small example
A plan can include where to meet if household members are separated.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find official local emergency alerts and routes.
- Choose a household meeting place and practice a plan that includes everyone’s access needs.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Evacuation and shelter in place” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Evacuation means leaving for safety; shelter in place means staying in a safer location as directed.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where are our official local alerts and accessible shelter instructions?”
Ready.gov: household preparation (opens a new tab)Expiration and renewalExpiration is when a document or agreement stops being valid under its terms; renewal extends or replaces it.
How it works
Record deadlines and check the issuing agency’s requirements early. A reminder email is helpful but may not be guaranteed.
A small example
A renewal application may need processing time before a card expires.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check the date printed on the current record.
- Use the issuer’s renewal instructions early enough for processing and delivery.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Expiration and renewal” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Expiration is when a document or agreement stops being valid under its terms; renewal extends or replaces it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How early can I renew, and what proof remains valid while I wait?”
USAGov: official document replacements (opens a new tab)Extra principal payment / prepaymentPaying some or all of a loan earlier than scheduled.
How it works
Extra money may reduce principal, but you need to know how the servicer applies it. Check for restrictions or penalties. Paying ahead on a due date is not always the same as reducing principal as intended.
A small example
An extra $50 meant for principal should be checked on the next statement to see where it went.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the agreement’s early-payment rules.
- Use the servicer’s designated instructions.
- Confirm the new balance and keep your normal payment obligations clear.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Extra principal payment / prepayment” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Paying some or all of a loan earlier than scheduled.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How do I direct extra money to principal, and is there any penalty?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

FAFSAFAFSA means Free Application for Federal Student Aid. It is a free form used to ask for help paying for education.
How it works
You submit information about yourself and, when required, other contributors. Federal Student Aid processes it and sends information to the schools you list. Schools use it with their own rules to prepare aid offers. Completing the FAFSA is not applying for admission, accepting a loan, or promising that a parent will pay. Complete the correct academic year and check federal, state, and school deadlines.
A small example
You submit the form for a coming school year, review its summary, and later receive a school’s offer showing grants, work-study, and possibly loans. You still decide what to accept and complete any follow-up tasks.
Start here, one step at a time
- Choose the correct school year on StudentAid.gov and use your own account.
- Invite any required contributors, supply consent and information, submit, and check the processed summary and school requests.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “FAFSA” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “FAFSA means Free Application for Federal Student Aid. It is a free form used to ask for help paying for education.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which year’s form do I need, who must contribute information, and what are my deadlines?”
Federal Student Aid: FAFSA starting steps (opens a new tab)FAFSA contributorA person required to provide information on your FAFSA form.
How it works
Depending on your situation, a contributor may be a parent or spouse. Each uses their own StudentAid.gov account. Giving information does not by itself make that person responsible for paying your school bill or taking out a loan.
A small example
A parent may need to provide information even if they do not plan to pay your tuition.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the questions in the official form to learn who is required.
- Invite the correct person using the form’s process. Do not share account passwords.
- Ask the aid office for help with unusual family circumstances instead of guessing answers.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “FAFSA contributor” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A person required to provide information on your FAFSA form.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who must contribute to my form, and what can I do if I cannot safely contact them?”
Federal Student Aid: FAFSA starting steps (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Family or graduate student housingHousing a school may set aside for eligible students with partners, children, or certain graduate-student situations.
How it works
Not every school offers it. Eligibility, waitlists, household rules, and lease length vary. Do not assume an ordinary dorm allows family members to live there.
A small example
A school may have a small number of family apartments and a long waitlist. Applying does not promise a unit.
Start here, one step at a time
- Look for “family housing” on the school’s official housing website.
- Ask what proof of student status and household eligibility is required.
- Compare the full price with available off-campus options.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Family or graduate student housing” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Housing a school may set aside for eligible students with partners, children, or certain graduate-student situations.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who is eligible, who may live with me, and how long is the wait?”
Example: CU Boulder housing options (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Fare conditionsThe rules attached to a particular ticket price.
How it works
Change, cancellation, baggage, and seating rules can differ within one provider.
A small example
A cheaper fare may charge for a bag another fare includes.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Change, cancellation, baggage, and seating rules can differ within one provider.
- What changes or refunds are allowed on this exact fare?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Fare conditions” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The rules attached to a particular ticket price.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What changes or refunds are allowed on this exact fare?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Faucet / tapThe fixture you use to let water flow into a sink, tub, or other place.
How it works
Handles differ. A single lever may lift for flow and move sideways for temperature. Two-handle taps often turn separately. Red often means hot and blue cold; do not rely only on color.
A small example
Start with a little cool water. Add hot water slowly so you do not get burned.
Start here, one step at a time
- Make sure the basin can drain and no electrical items are in it.
- Move the handle gently a small amount. If it resists, do not force it.
- Adjust slowly, then close gently and check that water stops. Ask the owner about drips or unusual controls.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Faucet / tap” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The fixture you use to let water flow into a sink, tub, or other place.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can you show me how this handle works and which direction is cold?”
FTC: check a home-repair contractor (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Federal funds rate and prime rateThe federal funds rate concerns short-term lending between banks. Prime is a bank reference rate used in some customer borrowing prices.
How it works
The Federal Reserve sets a target range for federal funds. Banks set prime rates, often influenced by that target. The Fed does not directly set your personal card APR or every mortgage rate.
A small example
If your card uses prime plus a margin, a change in prime can change your APR according to the card terms.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read your agreement instead of assuming a news headline changes every loan.
- Check the next statement for an actual rate change.
- Keep a fixed-rate loan and a variable-rate card separate in your plan.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Federal funds rate and prime rate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The federal funds rate concerns short-term lending between banks. Prime is a bank reference rate used in some customer borrowing prices.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this rate linked to prime or another index, or is it fixed?”
Federal Reserve: prime rate and the federal funds rate (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

File synchronizationKeeping versions of files aligned across locations.
How it works
Changes and deletions may propagate, so synchronization alone is not every kind of backup.
A small example
Deleting a synced file on a phone can remove it from another device too.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Changes and deletions may propagate, so synchronization alone is not every kind of backup.
- Does this service retain deleted files and older versions?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “File synchronization” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Keeping versions of files aligned across locations.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does this service retain deleted files and older versions?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Finance charge and total of paymentsFinance charge describes certain dollar costs of credit. Total of payments is the total of scheduled payments shown in a disclosure.
How it works
Neither term means just the cash borrowed. Read what the disclosure includes and excludes. A late fee or future rate change may affect what you actually pay.
A small example
If scheduled payments total $1,200 for $1,000 financed, the difference is $200 in this simplified example.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find both dollar amounts on the offer.
- Compare offers using the same borrowed amount and term.
- Ask about variable rates and extra fees.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Finance charge and total of payments” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Finance charge describes certain dollar costs of credit. Total of payments is the total of scheduled payments shown in a disclosure.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is included in these totals, and what could make the actual cost different?”
CFPB: read a Loan Estimate (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Financial-aid offerThe school’s written list of aid it is offering you.
How it works
The list may mix gifts, loans, and work-study. Gifts can lower the price. Loans must be repaid. Work-study requires you to get a job and earn wages. Read each line separately.
A small example
“$10,000 in aid” might mean $4,000 in grants and $6,000 in loans. That is not a $10,000 discount.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the offer in the school’s official student portal.
- Mark each line grant, scholarship, loan, or work-study.
- Ask about anything unclear before accepting a loan.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Financial-aid offer” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The school’s written list of aid it is offering you.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which lines are free aid, which are debt, and what must I do to accept each one?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

First in, first outUsing older suitable stock before newer stock.
How it works
Move older safe items forward, but never use age order as proof of safety.
A small example
The older sealed bag of rice is used first if both bags are sound.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Move older safe items forward, but never use age order as proof of safety.
- Which item is both older and still suitable to use?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “First in, first out” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Using older suitable stock before newer stock.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which item is both older and still suitable to use?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Fixed rate and adjustable rateA fixed rate stays the same under the loan terms. An adjustable rate can change under stated rules.
How it works
An adjustable loan may have an introductory period followed by adjustments tied to an index and margin. Ask about the adjustment dates and limits. Even a fixed-rate loan can have a changing total bill if taxes or insurance change.
A small example
A fixed principal-and-interest amount does not freeze your property-tax bill.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the rate type on your written loan offer.
- For a changing rate, ask when it can change and what the highest permitted payment could be.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Fixed rate and adjustable rate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A fixed rate stays the same under the loan terms. An adjustable rate can change under stated rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What can change, when, and how high could the payment go?”
CFPB: read a Loan Estimate (opens a new tab)Food thermometerA tool for checking internal food temperature.
How it works
Use the correct insertion point and current food-specific guidance; wash the probe as instructed.
A small example
A thermometer helps check cooked food without relying on surface color.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Use the correct insertion point and current food-specific guidance; wash the probe as instructed.
- Where should the probe go for this food?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Food thermometer” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A tool for checking internal food temperature.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where should the probe go for this food?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Food waste logA short record of food discarded and why.
How it works
Use it to change purchase amounts and meal plans.
A small example
Throwing away half a lettuce twice suggests buying a smaller amount.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Use it to change purchase amounts and meal plans.
- Was the problem quantity, storage, or an unrealistic plan?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Food waste log” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A short record of food discarded and why.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Was the problem quantity, storage, or an unrealistic plan?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Food-contact surfaceA surface that directly touches food.
How it works
Choose a compatible cleaning method and follow any required rinse directions.
A small example
A cutting board directly touches vegetables; a cabinet door usually does not.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Choose a compatible cleaning method and follow any required rinse directions.
- Is this product labeled for this food-contact surface?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Food-contact surface” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A surface that directly touches food.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this product labeled for this food-contact surface?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Government photo IDA card or document from a government that has your name and picture.
How it works
Examples include a state ID, driver’s license, or passport. The place checking your identity decides which documents it accepts. An expired card or a phone photo may not qualify.
A small example
A library may accept a school ID under its rules. An airport uses a different list.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the office’s official list for the service you need.
- Compare your document’s name and expiration date with that list.
- Bring the required physical document; ask before relying on a phone copy.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Government photo ID” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A card or document from a government that has your name and picture.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which exact IDs do you accept for this service, and must they be unexpired?”
USAGov: official document replacements (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

GPA — grade point averageGPA means grade point average: a number that summarizes your grades.
How it works
Your school gives grades number values, then averages them using its rules. A common unweighted scale uses A = 4, B = 3, C = 2, D = 1, and F = 0. Weighted scales may add points for harder courses; schools differ. Colleges may recalculate GPA. It can affect admission, scholarships, program entry, and staying eligible, but it is only one part of a decision.
A small example
In four equal-weight classes, an A, B, B, and C give (4 + 3 + 3 + 2) ÷ 4 = 3.0 on that example scale. A lower GPA may close some options today; an adviser can help you plan tutoring, stronger future grades, or another entry route.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask your counselor for your transcript and the school’s GPA scale.
- Check requirements for the college, program, or scholarship you want; ask about support and improvement options.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “GPA — grade point average” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “GPA means grade point average: a number that summarizes your grades.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this GPA weighted, and how does this college recalculate it?”
GrantMoney given for school that you usually do not pay back if you follow the award rules.
How it works
Many grants are based on financial need. This means the program looks at your financial situation. A government, school, or other group may provide the money. A grant is not a loan.
A small example
A $1,000 grant can cover $1,000 of allowed school costs. You usually do not owe that $1,000 later. Leaving school or not meeting conditions can change that.
Start here, one step at a time
- Start with the free FAFSA at StudentAid.gov for federal aid.
- Ask your school’s financial-aid office about state and school grants, other forms, and deadlines.
- Read the award’s rules about classes, attendance, grades, and renewal.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Grant” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money given for school that you usually do not pay back if you follow the award rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which costs can this grant pay, and what could make me repay some of it?”
Federal Student Aid: grants (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Grant vs. scholarshipBoth can help pay for school without the usual promise to repay a loan, if you meet their conditions.
How it works
Grants often depend on financial need. Scholarships may use grades, talent, service, background, financial need, or other rules. The words overlap, so read the actual award. Check allowed expenses, renewal, enrollment, grade rules, and what happens if you withdraw or receive too much aid. Open the separate Grant and Scholarship entries for application steps.
A small example
A $1,000 scholarship and a $1,000 grant can both reduce what you must fund by $1,000. Neither label alone promises the award repeats next year.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask the school financial-aid office about grants and scholarships separately.
- Write each award’s deadline, application, allowed uses, renewal, and repayment conditions.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Grant vs. scholarship” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Both can help pay for school without the usual promise to repay a loan, if you meet their conditions.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this renewable, and what must I do each year to keep it?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)Gross pay and take-home payGross pay is earnings before deductions. Take-home or net pay is what remains afterward.
How it works
Deductions may include tax withholding, benefits, and other authorized items. Read the payslip instead of multiplying hours and assuming that whole amount reaches your bank.
A small example
20 hours × $15 = $300 gross. With $40 of example deductions, take-home pay is $260.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find gross earnings and net pay on one real pay stub.
- Build your spending plan using the net amount that reaches you.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Gross pay and take-home pay” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Gross pay is earnings before deductions. Take-home or net pay is what remains afterward.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is each deduction, and where can I see my payslip?”
Hand dish detergentA detergent intended for washing dishes by hand.
How it works
Use it with water and a suitable dish brush or clean dishcloth, then rinse.
A small example
A small label-directed amount goes into hand-washing water, not an automatic dishwasher.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Use it with water and a suitable dish brush or clean dishcloth, then rinse.
- Is this hand dish detergent or machine dishwasher detergent?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Hand dish detergent” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A detergent intended for washing dishes by hand.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this hand dish detergent or machine dishwasher detergent?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Hard and soft credit inquiriesAn inquiry is a request to view a credit report. Hard and soft inquiries have different effects.
How it works
A hard inquiry associated with a credit application may affect a score. Checking your own report is a soft inquiry and does not lower it. Ask a provider what it will do before applying.
A small example
Viewing your own report is different from submitting several loan applications.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask what type of credit inquiry occurs before submitting an application.
- Read your own report without treating that as a new borrowing application.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Hard and soft credit inquiries” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An inquiry is a request to view a credit report. Hard and soft inquiries have different effects.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Will this be a hard or soft inquiry, and at what point does it happen?”
CFPB: credit inquiries (opens a new tab)Health insurance: copay and coinsuranceA copay is a set dollar share for a covered service. Coinsurance is a percentage share of an allowed cost.
How it works
Deductible rules, networks, and service type affect what you pay. A monthly premium is separate from the cost you pay when receiving care. An insurer’s allowed amount can differ from the provider’s sticker price.
A small example
After a deductible is met, 20% coinsurance on an allowed $100 service would be $20, under that example plan.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read your plan’s Summary of Benefits and Coverage.
- Call the insurer using the number on your card before planned care to check coverage and network.
- Compare the explanation of benefits with any provider bill; ask about differences.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Health insurance: copay and coinsurance” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A copay is a set dollar share for a covered service. Coinsurance is a percentage share of an allowed cost.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does this service have a deductible, copay, or coinsurance, and is this provider in network?”
HealthCare.gov: premiums and costs when you receive care (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Home equityThe estimated part of your home’s value left after subtracting debts secured by it.
How it works
Equity is not cash sitting in a bank. The value can rise or fall, and selling or borrowing against the home can involve fees and risks.
A small example
A home estimated at $250,000 with $190,000 owed has about $60,000 equity before selling costs or other liens.
Start here, one step at a time
- Start with a realistic current home-value estimate.
- Subtract all debts secured by the home; remember selling costs would further reduce available money.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Home equity” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The estimated part of your home’s value left after subtracting debts secured by it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What assumptions are being used for the property value and debts?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)HVACShort for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning: systems that heat, move, and cool air.
How it works
A thermostat asks the system to heat or cool. A fan moves air. Some homes use ducts; other systems work differently. Identify your system before buying parts.
A small example
A heat pump can provide both cooling and heating; an outdoor unit is not always cooling-only.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask the owner or technician to name the system.
- Photograph the accessible model label without opening equipment.
- Use the manufacturer’s manual for that exact model.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “HVAC” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Short for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning: systems that heat, move, and cool air.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What kind of system is this, and where is its model number and manual?”
Department of Energy: home cooling explained (PDF) (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Inspection and appraisalAn inspection examines aspects of a home’s condition. An appraisal estimates its value for a stated purpose.
How it works
An appraisal is not a complete safety or condition inspection. Ask the inspector about scope, exclusions, and the report; ask the lender about its appraisal requirements.
A small example
A home can appraise at the purchase price and still need a costly repair.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask the lender about the appraisal and separately choose a qualified home inspector.
- Read what the inspection does not cover and ask about follow-up checks before your contract deadline.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Inspection and appraisal” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An inspection examines aspects of a home’s condition. An appraisal estimates its value for a stated purpose.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What does this assessment include, and what remains unchecked?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)Installment and payment scheduleAn installment is one of a series of payments. The schedule says when each payment is due.
How it works
A payment may cover interest, principal, or fees. Weekly and monthly schedules are different. Check the first and final payments, which may differ from the others.
A small example
Twelve monthly $50 payments add up to $600. That is different from twelve weekly payments.
Start here, one step at a time
- Count the scheduled payments.
- Add fees that are not included in them.
- Put due dates beside your paydays.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Installment and payment schedule” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An installment is one of a series of payments. The schedule says when each payment is due.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How many payments are there, on which dates, and is the last one larger?”
CFPB: credit-card contract terms (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Insurance card and declarations pageAn insurance card is a short proof of coverage. A declarations page summarizes a policy’s people, property, dates, limits, and deductibles.
How it works
Neither is the complete policy. Read the full terms and check the state’s required proof format. Do not assume that a saved old card proves coverage is still active.
A small example
A registration appointment may require current insurance information matching your vehicle.
Start here, one step at a time
- Get the current documents from your insurer’s official app, website, or agent.
- Check names, VIN, dates, and coverage details.
- Use the state insurance department and motor-vehicle agency for your state’s requirements.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Insurance card and declarations page” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An insurance card is a short proof of coverage. A declarations page summarizes a policy’s people, property, dates, limits, and deductibles.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is my policy active, who and what is covered, and what proof format does my state accept?”
NAIC: find your state insurance department (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Insurance claimA request asking an insurer to cover a loss or service under your policy.
How it works
You or a provider submit details. The insurer checks coverage, dates, cause, limits, deductible, and evidence. It may approve, partially pay, ask for more information, or deny with reasons. A claim is not the regular bill that keeps your policy active—that bill is the premium.
A small example
Photos, receipts, a date, and a written description may help document a damaged item.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the insurer’s verified claims number or official portal.
- Get a claim number, evidence list, deadlines, and contact; keep copies of what you submit.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Insurance claim” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A request asking an insurer to cover a loss or service under your policy.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What do I submit, who handles this, and how do I track it?”
NAIC: find your state insurance department (opens a new tab)Interest rateThe percentage used to calculate the charge for borrowing money.
How it works
The stated annual rate is not usually charged all at once. The balance, time, calculation method, and payment schedule affect the dollars charged. It excludes some other costs of borrowing.
A small example
With simple interest for one full year, $1,000 × 6% = $60. A shrinking balance changes the result.
Start here, one step at a time
- Turn a percent into a decimal by dividing by 100: 6% is 0.06.
- Ask which balance and time period the lender uses before calculating the charge.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Interest rate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The percentage used to calculate the charge for borrowing money.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this rate fixed or variable, and how is interest calculated?”
CFPB: mortgage interest rate and APR (opens a new tab)InventoryA list of what you own or have available.
How it works
Record descriptions, quantities, and useful evidence such as photos or receipts. Store sensitive details securely. Update after major changes.
A small example
A box labeled kitchen, box 2, with a short contents list is easier to find than an unmarked box.
Start here, one step at a time
- Start with one room and list or photograph what is there.
- Keep receipts for important items and store the record securely.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Inventory” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A list of what you own or have available.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What proof should I keep for valuable items?”
NAIC: understand a home or renters policy (opens a new tab)ItineraryThe ordered plan for a journey.
How it works
Include dates, local times, locations, and connections.
A small example
An arrival time is followed by the trip from the airport to the accommodation.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Include dates, local times, locations, and connections.
- Are these times shown in the destination’s local time?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Itinerary” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The ordered plan for a journey.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Are these times shown in the destination’s local time?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Kilowatt-hour — kWhA unit measuring how much electrical energy was used.
How it works
One kilowatt is 1,000 watts. Multiply an appliance’s kilowatts by its hours of use to estimate kWh; cycling appliances may not draw full power continuously.
A small example
A 1,000-watt heater running at full power for two hours uses about 2 kWh.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find kWh used and the rate on your electric bill.
- Multiply usage by the rate for the energy portion, then add other listed charges.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Kilowatt-hour — kWh” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A unit measuring how much electrical energy was used.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is the price per kWh, and which other charges appear on the bill?”
Late fee and missed paymentA late fee is a charge that may apply when a required payment is late.
How it works
A missed payment can also lead to interest, collection steps, or credit-report effects. The timing is not identical for each consequence. A late-fee grace period is not permission to ignore the due date.
A small example
A bill due on the 10th is still due on the 10th even if a fee is not charged immediately.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check the due date and payment-processing time.
- Contact the lender early through a verified number if you may miss it.
- Keep any written payment arrangement.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Late fee and missed payment” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A late fee is a charge that may apply when a required payment is late.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“When is a payment considered received, and what help is available if I cannot pay?”
CFPB: credit-card contract terms (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Learner’s permitPermission to practice driving under specific limits. It is not an unrestricted license.
How it works
Your state sets age, testing, supervision, practice, and driving-hour rules. Passing a written test does not mean you can drive alone.
A small example
A permit holder may need a qualified licensed adult in the front seat. Check your state’s exact rule.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open your state’s page for a first permit for your age.
- Read its study handbook and application-document list.
- Arrange required tests and practice with a person who meets the rules.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Learner’s permit” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Permission to practice driving under specific limits. It is not an unrestricted license.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who may supervise me, when may I drive, and what comes next?”
USAGov: state motor-vehicle services (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

LeaseThe agreement that sets the rules for renting.
How it works
Read who is responsible, the start and end dates, payment rules, repairs, guests, and how to leave. Ask about anything unclear before signing; local rules matter.
A small example
A 12-month lease may create obligations even if you want to move after six months.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read one section at a time and mark unclear words.
- Ask for written answers before signing and keep your signed copy.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Lease” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The agreement that sets the rules for renting.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What happens if I need to leave early or a roommate moves out?”
USAGov: state tenant-rights resources (opens a new tab)Lender, mortgage broker, and servicerA lender provides the loan. A mortgage broker helps arrange loan options. A servicer manages the payments and account.
How it works
These can be different companies. Ask who charges which fees, who makes the decision, and where to send payments if servicing changes.
A small example
Your loan could be originated by one company and later managed by another.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask each company which role it performs.
- Save the verified contact for the company that receives your payments.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Lender, mortgage broker, and servicer” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A lender provides the loan. A mortgage broker helps arrange loan options. A servicer manages the payments and account.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which role do you have, and what do I pay for your service?”
CFPB: build a network of homebuying advisers (opens a new tab)Liability coverageCoverage for certain legal responsibilities to other people, subject to the policy.
How it works
It is different from coverage for damage to your own property. Ask which people, activities, costs, and limits are covered.
A small example
Vehicle liability coverage and coverage to repair your own car serve different purposes.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask which people and events your policy covers.
- Compare liability protection with separate coverage for your own property.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Liability coverage” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Coverage for certain legal responsibilities to other people, subject to the policy.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What happens if I injure someone or damage their property?”
NAIC: find your state insurance department (opens a new tab)Library cardA card or account that lets you use a particular library’s services.
How it works
It may let you borrow books, use computers, or download materials. Public libraries set their own residency, age, and proof rules. It is not a general substitute for an accepted government photo ID.
A small example
A free library card may give you access to e-books. Some services or late/lost-item charges depend on the library.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find your local library through its official website.
- Open “Get a library card” or call the desk.
- Bring the listed documents and ask staff to show you one service you want to use.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Library card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A card or account that lets you use a particular library’s services.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What do I need to join, which services are free, and does a minor need an adult?”
USAGov: find your public library (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

LoanMoney you borrow and agree to pay back.
How it works
The borrower receives the money. The lender provides it. Interest is a charge for borrowing. Fees are other charges. A loan can cost more than the amount you receive.
A small example
Borrow $100 and agree to repay $110. The extra $10 is a borrowing cost. This is a simple made-up example, not a loan offer.
Start here, one step at a time
- Write down the amount you receive.
- Find every payment and fee in the written offer.
- Compare the repayment dates with your own budget before signing.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Loan” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money you borrow and agree to pay back.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How much will I receive, and how much will I repay in total?”
FTC: understanding your credit (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Loan termThe length of time the loan is scheduled to last.
How it works
A longer term may reduce the required payment but can increase total interest. Compare the total repaid, not just the monthly amount.
A small example
30 years × 12 months = 360 monthly payments. Fifteen years means 180.
Start here, one step at a time
- Convert years to months by multiplying by 12.
- Compare the monthly payment and total repayment at each offered length.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Loan term” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The length of time the loan is scheduled to last.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is the payment and total repayment at each term?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)Local timeThe time used at a particular place.
How it works
Check time zones and dates on departure and arrival information.
A small example
An overnight trip can arrive on the next calendar day.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Check time zones and dates on departure and arrival information.
- Does my calendar event use the correct destination time zone?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Local time” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The time used at a particular place.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does my calendar event use the correct destination time zone?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Major, degree, and certificateA major is your main subject. A degree or certificate is an award for finishing a program’s required work.
How it works
A certificate often focuses on a specific skill. Associate and bachelor’s degrees are different kinds of college awards. The credits, time, cost, and job requirements vary.
A small example
Biology can be a major within a bachelor’s degree. Taking one biology class does not mean you have earned the degree.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the official program page.
- Read its required courses and completion requirements.
- Ask an academic adviser which courses to take first.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Major, degree, and certificate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A major is your main subject. A degree or certificate is an award for finishing a program’s required work.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which award does this program lead to, and does it meet the requirements for the job I want?”
USAGov: kinds of student aid (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Marriage license and certificateA license authorizes marriage under local rules; a certificate records the marriage after the required process.
How it works
Contact the actual state or local issuing office for timing, identification, fees, and filing. Ordering a certificate is not the same as applying for a license.
A small example
You might need a certified certificate later for an account or name-change process.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the real county/state marriage-license office.
- Ask who attends, brings ID, signs, returns the license, and orders the certified certificate.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Marriage license and certificate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A license authorizes marriage under local rules; a certificate records the marriage after the required process.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which office issues the license, who returns it, and how do we order certified copies?”
USAGov: marriage licenses and certificates (opens a new tab)Meal planA written outline of what you expect to eat.
How it works
Match meals to your schedule, equipment, and household needs before shopping.
A small example
Tuesday is a late shift, so the plan uses a quick meal rather than a long recipe.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Match meals to your schedule, equipment, and household needs before shopping.
- Which days actually allow time to cook?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Meal plan” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A written outline of what you expect to eat.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which days actually allow time to cook?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Membership cardProof that you have an account with a club, store, gym, or other service.
How it works
Costco, Sam’s Club, and Planet Fitness memberships give access under that business’s rules. These cards are not government IDs. A picture on a card does not make it a government ID.
A small example
A gym card may open the gym door but not satisfy a passport application’s identity requirement.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check the business’s official membership terms and age rules.
- Ask what is included and whether charges repeat.
- Keep the agreement and cancellation instructions with your bill reminders.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Membership card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Proof that you have an account with a club, store, gym, or other service.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is the total fee, what ID is needed to join, and how do I cancel?”
FTC: subscriptions and cancellation (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Miles per gallon — MPGA measure of how far a vehicle travels on a gallon of fuel.
How it works
Divide miles by MPG to estimate gallons needed. Traffic, weather, load, and driving affect real mileage.
A small example
120 miles ÷ 30 MPG = 4 gallons. At $3.50 per gallon, that trip uses about $14 in fuel.
Start here, one step at a time
- Estimate your monthly miles and realistic MPG.
- Divide miles by MPG and multiply by fuel price; then add other car costs.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Miles per gallon — MPG” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A measure of how far a vehicle travels on a gallon of fuel.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What are the fuel, insurance, parking, and maintenance costs together?”
Minimum paymentThe smallest required payment for the billing period under the account terms.
How it works
Making the minimum does not mean you have paid off the debt or avoided interest. Continued purchases, fees, and interest can make payoff much slower.
A small example
Paying $25 toward a $500 balance leaves debt; the exact next balance also depends on interest and new activity.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the minimum and due date on the statement.
- Read the payoff warning and budget a larger payment if you can; contact the issuer early if you cannot pay.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Minimum payment” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The smallest required payment for the billing period under the account terms.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What would happen if I paid only the minimum, and where is the payoff information?”
CFPB: credit-card contract terms (opens a new tab)Mise en placeGathering and preparing ingredients before cooking.
How it works
Read the recipe, measure ingredients, and set out tools before the time-sensitive steps.
A small example
You measure rice and water before turning on the cooker.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Read the recipe, measure ingredients, and set out tools before the time-sensitive steps.
- Which ingredient needs preparation before the pan is hot?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Mise en place” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Gathering and preparing ingredients before cooking.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which ingredient needs preparation before the pan is hot?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)MortgageMoney you borrow to buy a home, with the home used to secure the debt.
How it works
You pay the lender back over time, usually each month. The payment includes some borrowed money and interest—the charge for borrowing. Taxes and insurance may be added. If you do not repay, the lender can take steps to take and sell the home through foreclosure. A mortgage is the loan, not the house itself.
A small example
A $250,000 home with $50,000 down could mean a $200,000 loan, before any financed costs.
Start here, one step at a time
- Write the home price and the amount you can pay upfront. Subtract to estimate borrowing.
- Ask a lender for the full monthly cost, then compare it with your take-home pay and other bills.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Mortgage” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money you borrow to buy a home, with the home used to secure the debt.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What would the total payment include, and what happens if I cannot pay?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)Mortgage insurance / PMIInsurance that generally protects the lender against certain losses if the borrower fails to repay.
How it works
It is different from homeowners insurance that covers specified property risks. Requirements, cost, duration, and cancellation rules depend on the loan type and terms.
A small example
A mortgage payment can include mortgage insurance as an additional charge beyond principal and interest.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask whether mortgage insurance is part of this offer.
- Write its price and any rules for ending it beside the other monthly costs.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Mortgage insurance / PMI” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Insurance that generally protects the lender against certain losses if the borrower fails to repay.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is mortgage insurance required, what does it cost, and when can it end?”
CFPB: buying a home (opens a new tab)Mortgage pointsUpfront charges calculated as a percentage of the loan; discount points may be paid to obtain a lower interest rate.
How it works
Compare the upfront price with the monthly saving and how long you expect to keep the loan. The rate reduction is not a universal amount for each point.
A small example
One point on a $200,000 loan equals $2,000. A $40 monthly saving would take 50 months to match that amount, ignoring other effects.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask for otherwise comparable offers with and without points.
- Divide the extra upfront price by the monthly saving to estimate a simple break-even time.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Mortgage points” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Upfront charges calculated as a percentage of the loan; discount points may be paid to obtain a lower interest rate.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What rate do I get with zero discount points, and what changes if I pay points?”
CFPB: mortgage interest rate and APR (opens a new tab)Multifactor authenticationSign-in using more than one type of evidence.
How it works
A password plus possession of an authenticator is different from two knowledge questions.
A small example
An account requests an authenticator approval after a password.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- A password plus possession of an authenticator is different from two knowledge questions.
- Which stronger methods does this service support?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Multifactor authentication” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Sign-in using more than one type of evidence.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which stronger methods does this service support?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Notary publicA person authorized to perform certain acts involving signatures, identity, and sometimes oaths.
How it works
A notary does not make a document’s promises true or give it automatic legal approval. The document’s instructions and state rules decide the act, ID, witnesses, and signer requirements.
A small example
A notary may verify that you acknowledged your signature. That does not mean the notary wrote or approved your contract.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask the receiving office exactly what needs notarizing.
- Call your bank, a local notary, or a participating UPS Store; confirm appointment, ID, witnesses, and fees.
- Bring the complete document and follow the notary’s instructions about signing. FedEx Office advertises an online service, not a notary at every store.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Notary public” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A person authorized to perform certain acts involving signatures, identity, and sometimes oaths.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which notarial act and witnesses are required, and what is the full fee?”
The UPS Store: participating notary locations (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Off-campus living and apartment livingOff-campus means outside school-managed housing. An apartment is one type of home you can rent.
How it works
An off-campus home can be an apartment, a room, or a house. You may sign a lease with a private owner and pay utilities yourself. A school listing does not always mean the school owns or guarantees the home.
A small example
A 12-month lease can require summer rent even if your classes last only nine months.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare school housing and private rentals over the same number of months.
- Include travel, utilities, furniture, food, and deposits.
- Follow the First Apartment path before signing a private lease.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Off-campus living and apartment living” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Off-campus means outside school-managed housing. An apartment is one type of home you can rent.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who manages this home, how long is the lease, and what is the total cost?”
USAGov: state tenant-rights resources (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Offline copyInformation saved so it can be opened without a connection.
How it works
Download it ahead of time and test access without exposing private details.
A small example
An offline address lets you find the hotel when roaming is unavailable.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Download it ahead of time and test access without exposing private details.
- Can I open it with the network turned off?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Offline copy” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Information saved so it can be opened without a connection.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can I open it with the network turned off?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Oil changeA service that replaces used engine oil, usually with a new oil filter too.
How it works
Oil helps lubricate moving parts in an engine. The correct oil type, amount, and schedule come from the vehicle manual. Gas and many hybrid vehicles need this; battery-only EVs do not have engine oil changes.
A small example
An oil-change reminder is not the same as an oil-pressure warning. A pressure warning can require stopping safely and shutting the engine off.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find your year, model, engine, mileage, and maintenance schedule.
- Ask a service shop for a written price for the specified oil and filter, including fees.
- Keep the receipt and next-due mileage or date. Ask before approving extra work.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Oil change” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A service that replaces used engine oil, usually with a new oil filter too.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What oil specification and interval does my exact engine require?”
FTC: understand vehicle service and estimates (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Opened dateThe date a package was first opened.
How it works
Write it on the container and follow the product’s after-opening storage instructions.
A small example
A jar labeled opened Monday can be checked against its label’s guidance.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Write it on the container and follow the product’s after-opening storage instructions.
- How long does this exact food keep after opening?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Opened date” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The date a package was first opened.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How long does this exact food keep after opening?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Origination fee and amount financedAn origination fee is a charge for making a loan. Amount financed is a disclosure figure for credit provided, calculated under the applicable rules.
How it works
A fee may be paid upfront, taken from the amount sent to you, or added to the loan. These arrangements change the cash you get and what you owe.
A small example
A $1,000 loan with a $50 fee taken out sends you $950, but you may still owe $1,000 plus interest.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare cash received with the loan balance.
- Ask whether a fee is included in APR.
- Do not count a withheld fee as money available to spend.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Origination fee and amount financed” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An origination fee is a charge for making a loan. Amount financed is a disclosure figure for credit provided, calculated under the applicable rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How much reaches me after fees, and what balance will I repay?”
CFPB: read a Loan Estimate (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

OverdraftSpending more from an account than the money available to cover it.
How it works
A payment may be declined, or the bank may cover it under its rules and charge a fee. Some accounts link to credit or another account. Read your exact setup.
A small example
A $40 purchase with $30 available can create a $10 shortfall, possibly plus fees.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check pending payments, not only the displayed total.
- Set a low-balance alert if your bank offers one.
- Ask your bank to explain your overdraft choice.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Overdraft” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Spending more from an account than the money available to cover it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Will this payment be declined or covered, and what would I owe?”
CFPB: debit, prepaid, and credit cards (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Packing inventoryA list of items deliberately included in a bag.
How it works
Match quantities to activities and check restrictions before closing the bag.
A small example
Four planned shirts replace packing a random pile for a two-night trip.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Match quantities to activities and check restrictions before closing the bag.
- Which item is essential and which is only a duplicate?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Packing inventory” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A list of items deliberately included in a bag.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which item is essential and which is only a duplicate?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Pantry inventoryA list of usable food already at home.
How it works
Count quantities and check storage history before deciding what you need.
A small example
Two unopened cans of beans replace two cans on the shopping list.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Count quantities and check storage history before deciding what you need.
- What do I already have enough of?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Pantry inventory” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A list of usable food already at home.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What do I already have enough of?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)PasskeyA sign-in credential based on a cryptographic key pair.
How it works
The device or credential provider verifies your unlock action and signs for the service.
A small example
You unlock your device to sign in without typing a reusable password.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- The device or credential provider verifies your unlock action and signs for the service.
- Is this passkey synced or tied to one device?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Passkey” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A sign-in credential based on a cryptographic key pair.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this passkey synced or tied to one device?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)PassphraseA longer password made from a sequence of words.
How it works
Use unpredictable choices and avoid famous quotations or personal facts.
A small example
A private randomly generated word sequence is different from a song lyric.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Use unpredictable choices and avoid famous quotations or personal facts.
- Could someone guess this from my public posts?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Passphrase” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A longer password made from a sequence of words.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Could someone guess this from my public posts?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Passport book and passport cardA U.S. passport proves U.S. citizenship and identity for specified travel uses.
How it works
The book is used for international air travel. The card has limited land and sea uses and cannot replace the book for international flights. A passport does not replace a required visa or guarantee entry.
A small example
For a flight abroad, check passport-book and destination entry rules before buying nonrefundable travel.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the State Department’s passport site and select your age and situation.
- Follow the correct application or renewal route, photo rules, evidence list, and fee instructions.
- Allow processing plus mailing time; check the current timeline before setting travel dates.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Passport book and passport card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A U.S. passport proves U.S. citizenship and identity for specified travel uses.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which passport type and validity period does my trip require?”
U.S. State Department: passport applications (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Password managerSoftware that stores credentials in a protected vault.
How it works
Understand its main password, recovery, device access, and sharing controls.
A small example
A manager generates and saves a long password you do not have to memorize.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Understand its main password, recovery, device access, and sharing controls.
- How would I recover the vault if this device failed?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Password manager” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Software that stores credentials in a protected vault.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How would I recover the vault if this device failed?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Past due, default, and collectionsPast due means a required payment is late. Default is a more serious contract status. Collections means efforts to recover a claimed debt.
How it works
Timing and consequences differ by agreement and law. Verify unexpected debt claims and get help understanding notices rather than ignoring them or sending money to an unverified caller.
A small example
A text claiming you owe money is not enough to establish that the debt or sender is legitimate.
Start here, one step at a time
- Verify the collector and the debt information before sending money.
- Keep notices and ask about your rights and deadlines using the official consumer-help resources.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Past due, default, and collections” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Past due means a required payment is late. Default is a more serious contract status. Collections means efforts to recover a claimed debt.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can you provide the required details about this claimed debt through a verified process?”
FTC: understanding your credit (opens a new tab)Pay period and paydayThe pay period is the time you worked; payday is when that period’s wages are paid.
How it works
Weekly, every two weeks, twice a month, and monthly schedules create different timing. Ask when your first check arrives before committing to bills.
A small example
Every two weeks normally means 26 paychecks a year; twice monthly means 24.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask payroll which work dates your first paycheck covers.
- Mark actual paydays on your bill calendar.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Pay period and payday” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The pay period is the time you worked; payday is when that period’s wages are paid.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which dates does this check cover, and when is my first payday?”
U.S. Department of Labor: youth employment (opens a new tab)Pay stubThe itemized explanation of a paycheck.
How it works
Compare hours, rate, gross earnings, deductions, and take-home pay. Report a mismatch to payroll with your own time record.
A small example
$300 gross minus $40 of example deductions leaves $260 net pay. Actual deductions vary.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare your own time record with paid hours and rate.
- Ask payroll about unfamiliar deductions or missing hours promptly.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Pay stub” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The itemized explanation of a paycheck.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can you explain each deduction and correct these hours if they are wrong?”
U.S. Department of Labor: youth employment (opens a new tab)Personal itemA smaller cabin item defined by the carrier’s policy.
How it works
Often intended for the space under the seat, subject to its dimensions.
A small example
A small backpack may qualify when it fits the carrier’s stated limit.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Often intended for the space under the seat, subject to its dimensions.
- Does my fare allow this in addition to a carry-on?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Personal item” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A smaller cabin item defined by the carrier’s policy.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does my fare allow this in addition to a carry-on?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)PhishingA deceptive request designed to steal information or prompt an unsafe action.
How it works
Verify unexpected requests through an independently opened service.
A small example
A fake delivery message asks for a card payment through an unfamiliar link.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Verify unexpected requests through an independently opened service.
- Can I confirm this in the real account without opening the message link?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Phishing” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A deceptive request designed to steal information or prompt an unsafe action.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can I confirm this in the real account without opening the message link?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Plumber, electrician, and HVAC technicianA plumber works on water and drain systems. An electrician works on electrical systems. An HVAC technician works on heating and cooling.
How it works
Find candidates through the property manager, trusted local referrals, and official license searches where licensing applies. Reviews alone do not prove a license or insurance.
A small example
A broken outlet calls for an electrician; a leaking sink pipe usually calls for a plumber.
Start here, one step at a time
- If renting, contact your landlord’s repair service first unless an emergency requires immediate help.
- For owned property, check your state or local licensing agency and ask about insurance and relevant experience.
- Compare written scope, fees, timing, and payment terms. Agree before work begins; do not open electrical panels yourself.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Plumber, electrician, and HVAC technician” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A plumber works on water and drain systems. An electrician works on electrical systems. An HVAC technician works on heating and cooling.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Are you qualified and insured for this exact job, and can I have a written estimate?”
FTC: check a home-repair contractor (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Plumbing and P-trapPlumbing brings water in and carries used water away. A P-trap is the curved drain pipe under many sinks.
How it works
The curve holds water that helps block sewer gases. Supply pipes and drains do different jobs. A leak may come from either side.
A small example
The curved pipe under a sink is a drain part, not the handle that turns water off.
Start here, one step at a time
- Look from a safe, dry position and note where water appears.
- Report leaks early with a photo and location.
- Do not take pipes apart or mix drain chemicals; ask a plumber when unsure.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Plumbing and P-trap” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Plumbing brings water in and carries used water away. A P-trap is the curved drain pipe under many sinks.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is the leak on the clean-water supply or the drain, and who handles repairs?”
FTC: check a home-repair contractor (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Prepaid cardA card you load with money before spending it.
How it works
It usually uses a separate loaded balance instead of taking directly from your checking account. Reloading, ATM, monthly, or other fees may apply. Read the card terms.
A small example
Load $50 and spend $15: about $35 remains before fees. Reloading adds your own money; it is not income.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare the fee list before loading money.
- Follow registration steps if needed for available protections.
- Track the remaining balance.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Prepaid card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A card you load with money before spending it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What fees apply, and what happens if the card is lost?”
CFPB: debit, prepaid, and credit cards (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

PrerequisiteA class or requirement you must finish before starting another class.
How it works
Schools use prerequisites to make sure you have the starting skills. A placement result or approved transfer course may sometimes meet a requirement. Ask before enrolling.
A small example
Algebra may need to come before a higher math course. The exact rule belongs to that school.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the course description in the college catalog.
- Look for “prerequisite” and “corequisite.” A corequisite is taken at the same time.
- Have an adviser confirm your plan.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Prerequisite” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A class or requirement you must finish before starting another class.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What must I finish before I can take this class?”
USAGov: kinds of student aid (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Preventive maintenanceRoutine care done before something fails.
How it works
Use the actual product manual or professional service instructions. Record dates and reminders. If you do not know how to do a task safely, get qualified help.
A small example
Changing a filter on the maker’s schedule is planned care; fixing a failed system is a repair.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the exact product or vehicle manual.
- Record required tasks, dates, parts, and who can do them safely.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Preventive maintenance” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Routine care done before something fails.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What maintenance does this model require, and who should perform it?”
PrincipalThe part of a loan balance that is borrowed money, before interest and other charges.
How it works
A payment may be split between interest and reducing principal. Paying $1,000 does not necessarily lower the loan balance by $1,000.
A small example
If a $300 payment contains $80 interest and $220 principal, the principal falls by $220.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find “principal balance” on the loan statement.
- Look at the last payment breakdown: interest and fees do not reduce principal.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Principal” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The part of a loan balance that is borrowed money, before interest and other charges.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How much of this payment reduces the balance?”
CFPB: read a Loan Estimate (opens a new tab)Promissory note / loan agreementThe document in which a borrower promises to repay a loan under its rules.
How it works
It names the people or organizations involved and explains repayment. An electronic signature can create a real obligation. A FAFSA form and a promissory note do different jobs.
A small example
Accepting a school place does not by itself explain the terms of a separate private loan. Read that loan’s agreement too.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the loan amount, interest rules, fees, due dates, and repayment rules.
- Ask for each unfamiliar word to be explained.
- Keep the final signed agreement securely.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Promissory note / loan agreement” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The document in which a borrower promises to repay a loan under its rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What exactly am I promising, and can I take a copy to read before signing?”
Federal Student Aid: financial-aid words (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Proof of address / proof of residencyEvidence that you live at the address you give an organization.
How it works
It is different from proving who you are. Accepted documents, dates, names, and formats vary by service. An envelope with your name on it is not automatically enough.
A small example
A DMV may accept a utility bill that is not on the USPS PO Box identification list.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the specific office’s current document list.
- Match the name, physical address, date, and format requirements.
- If you live with someone else or have no fixed address, ask for its approved alternative process.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Proof of address / proof of residency” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Evidence that you live at the address you give an organization.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which documents count for this exact service, how recent, and how many do you need?”
USPS: ID accepted for each postal service (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Prorated rentRent calculated for only part of a rental period.
How it works
The lease or local rules determine the calculation. Ask which daily-rate method is used instead of assuming every month has 30 days.
A small example
If the agreed method uses a 30-day month: $900 ÷ 30 = $30 per day. Ten days cost $300.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask which dates you will pay for.
- Have the landlord show the daily-rate calculation in writing.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Prorated rent” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Rent calculated for only part of a rental period.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How many days are you charging for, and how is the daily rate calculated?”
USAGov: state tenant-rights resources (opens a new tab)REAL IDA standard that some state IDs and driver’s licenses meet for certain federal identification uses.
How it works
REAL ID is not a separate driving skill or proof of U.S. citizenship. Adults flying within the U.S. need a TSA-accepted ID; a passport is one alternative. A standard license can still be valid for driving.
A small example
You may choose a REAL ID state card even if you do not drive. A REAL ID is not a passport for international air travel.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check TSA’s current accepted-ID list for your trip.
- If applying for REAL ID, open your state’s REAL ID checklist.
- Gather the required identity, name-change, Social Security, and address evidence that applies to you.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “REAL ID” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A standard that some state IDs and driver’s licenses meet for certain federal identification uses.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do I need a REAL ID for my plans, or do I already have another accepted document?”
TSA: accepted identification (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Real-estate agentA licensed professional who helps with parts of a property transaction under an agreed role.
How it works
A buyer’s agent may help find homes, arrange visits, discuss comparable sales, prepare offers, negotiate, and coordinate deadlines. A listing agent works for the seller under their agreement. Ask whom an agent represents and how payment works before signing.
A small example
The person showing a house is not automatically your representative.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find licensed local agents and interview them about your needs.
- Read the representation agreement and payment terms before signing.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Real-estate agent” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A licensed professional who helps with parts of a property transaction under an agreed role.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who do you represent, what will you do for me, how are you paid, and how can this agreement end?”
CFPB: build a network of homebuying advisers (opens a new tab)Recipe scalingChanging ingredient amounts to make a different quantity.
How it works
Multiply each ingredient by the same factor, but check equipment capacity and cooking guidance separately.
A small example
Making half of a four-portion recipe means using half its listed ingredients.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Multiply each ingredient by the same factor, but check equipment capacity and cooking guidance separately.
- Will a different pan or quantity change how this cooks?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Recipe scaling” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Changing ingredient amounts to make a different quantity.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Will a different pan or quantity change how this cooks?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Recipe yieldThe amount a recipe is expected to produce.
How it works
Use the stated servings or finished quantity when planning ingredients.
A small example
A recipe yielding four portions can cover dinner for two plus two safely stored portions.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Use the stated servings or finished quantity when planning ingredients.
- How large is the recipe’s stated portion?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Recipe yield” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The amount a recipe is expected to produce.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How large is the recipe’s stated portion?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Recovery codeA backup secret used to regain access under a service’s rules.
How it works
Keep it protected and separate from the device whose loss it addresses.
A small example
A printed code in a secure place can help after losing an authenticator phone.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Keep it protected and separate from the device whose loss it addresses.
- Does using this code consume it?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Recovery code” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A backup secret used to regain access under a service’s rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does using this code consume it?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Recurring charge and renewalA charge that repeats, or an agreement that continues for another period.
How it works
Record the renewal date, price after discounts, cancellation deadline, and refund rules. A monthly-looking price can require annual payment.
A small example
“$10 per month, billed annually” can mean a $120 charge today.
Start here, one step at a time
- List renewal dates and the price after any trial.
- Cancel through the required process before the deadline and save confirmation.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Recurring charge and renewal” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A charge that repeats, or an agreement that continues for another period.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What will be charged today and at renewal, and how do I cancel?”
FTC: subscriptions and cancellation (opens a new tab)RefinancingReplacing an existing loan with a new loan.
How it works
A new rate, term, fee, or lender can change the total cost. A lower monthly payment can still cost more over a longer period. Replacing federal student debt with private debt can remove federal benefits.
A small example
A $200 payment for 36 months totals $7,200. A $150 payment for 60 months totals $9,000, before any extra fees.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare remaining old payments with all new payments and fees.
- Ask what protections would be lost.
- Do not decide using the monthly payment alone.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Refinancing” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Replacing an existing loan with a new loan.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What total cost and benefits change if I replace this loan?”
CFPB: student-loan co-signers (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Refrigerator thermometerA thermometer used to check the refrigerator’s storage temperature.
How it works
A control dial setting is not necessarily a temperature measurement.
A small example
A thermometer reading confirms whether the fridge is at 40°F or below.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- A control dial setting is not necessarily a temperature measurement.
- Where does the thermometer maker say to place it?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Refrigerator thermometer” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A thermometer used to check the refrigerator’s storage temperature.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where does the thermometer maker say to place it?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Refrigerator water filterA replaceable part that filters water sent to some refrigerators’ dispensers or ice makers.
How it works
Not every refrigerator has one. Location, part number, release method, flushing, and replacement timing depend on the model. A water filter is different from an air or odor filter.
A small example
A filter that looks similar may still be the wrong part. Match the model and approved part number.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the model label and official manual. Locate the user-serviceable filter if there is one.
- Follow its water shutoff and removal directions with a towel ready; never force the fitting.
- Fit the correct part, run the specified flushing amount, inspect for leaks, and reset the indicator if instructed.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Refrigerator water filter” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A replaceable part that filters water sent to some refrigerators’ dispensers or ice makers.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does this model have a water filter, and what replacement and flush steps does it require?”
Whirlpool: model-specific water-filter instructions (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Refundable bookingA booking that permits a refund under defined conditions.
How it works
Read exclusions and timing instead of treating the word as unconditional.
A small example
A refundable room can still have a deadline or no-show condition.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Read exclusions and timing instead of treating the word as unconditional.
- Are all fees refundable and how is the refund requested?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Refundable booking” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A booking that permits a refund under defined conditions.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Are all fees refundable and how is the refund requested?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)RentThe amount paid to use someone else’s property for an agreed time.
How it works
The advertised rent may leave out utilities, parking, pets, or other charges. Ask for the full recurring price in writing.
A small example
An $850 apartment with $120 utilities and $30 parking costs $1,000 each month before other living expenses.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask for the rent plus every required monthly charge.
- Add utilities and travel costs before deciding the apartment fits your budget.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Rent” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The amount paid to use someone else’s property for an agreed time.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is included in rent, and what would I pay separately?”
USAGov: state tenant-rights resources (opens a new tab)RoamingUsing a mobile network outside your provider’s usual network arrangements.
How it works
Read plan coverage, charges, and activation requirements before travel.
A small example
A phone can connect abroad while incurring charges absent from a domestic plan.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Read plan coverage, charges, and activation requirements before travel.
- What does my plan charge for data, calls, and texts at this destination?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Roaming” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Using a mobile network outside your provider’s usual network arrangements.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What does my plan charge for data, calls, and texts at this destination?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Roommate agreementA written plan between the people sharing a home.
How it works
Set out each person’s bill share, chores, guests, and what happens if someone leaves. This does not replace the lease or change what the landlord can require under it.
A small example
Splitting $1,200 three ways gives $400 each if you agree on equal shares. Other bills still need a plan.
Start here, one step at a time
- Discuss bills, chores, guests, and leaving early before moving in.
- Write and share the agreement, then compare it with everyone’s lease duties.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Roommate agreement” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A written plan between the people sharing a home.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Whose name is on each bill, and how will we prove it was paid?”
USAGov: state tenant-rights resources (opens a new tab)SATA college admission test from College Board covering Reading and Writing, and Math.
How it works
The digital SAT uses the Bluebook app on an approved device. Whether you need a score depends on each school, program, and scholarship. Start with their current requirements.
A small example
Taking the SAT does not apply to a college for you. Registration, score sending, and college applications are separate tasks.
Start here, one step at a time
- Check your colleges’ current test rules before registering.
- Use College Board’s official account, registration, practice, and device-check instructions.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “SAT” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A college admission test from College Board covering Reading and Writing, and Math.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Does my intended college require, accept, or ignore SAT scores for my entry year?”
College Board: how the SAT is structured (opens a new tab)Scaled score and percentileA scaled score reports performance on a test’s scoring system; a percentile compares results with a reference group.
How it works
Neither is simply your percentage of questions correct. Read which group and year a percentile describes. SAT and ACT use different scales.
A small example
A 70th percentile means roughly 70% of that comparison group scored at or below that result; it does not mean 70% correct.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the official score report and read its scale.
- Use section feedback to choose a specific skill to practice next.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Scaled score and percentile” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A scaled score reports performance on a test’s scoring system; a percentile compares results with a reference group.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which comparison group is used, and what do my section scores suggest I should practice?”
College Board: understand SAT scores (opens a new tab)ScholarshipMoney awarded to help pay for school. You usually keep it without repayment if you meet its rules.
How it works
An award may be based on grades, a skill, service, financial need, a major, or other criteria. Criteria means the rules for who may apply. Scholarships and grants can overlap; the award’s written rules matter more than its name.
A small example
A local group offers $500 for approved books and tuition. You apply, are chosen, and send proof that you enrolled. That does not mean every student who applies gets $500.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask your counselor and the college aid office for their scholarship lists.
- Check a community foundation, your employer, and your family’s employers. Read who can apply.
- Gather the requested essay, transcript, references, and proof of enrollment. Submit by the deadline and keep confirmation.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Scholarship” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money awarded to help pay for school. You usually keep it without repayment if you meet its rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do I need a separate application, and is this award for one year or every year?”
Federal Student Aid: find and apply for scholarships (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Secured credit cardA credit card backed by a deposit under the issuer’s terms.
How it works
The deposit does not usually pay your monthly bill for you. Compare fees, reporting practices, eligibility, and how the deposit can be returned. Approval and improvement are not guaranteed.
A small example
A $300 security deposit is money tied up separately from the purchases you must repay.
Start here, one step at a time
- Compare deposits, annual fees, and monthly fees before applying.
- Budget both the held deposit and the monthly bill; the deposit does not normally make payments for you.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Secured credit card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A credit card backed by a deposit under the issuer’s terms.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do you report payment activity, and what are all fees and deposit-return rules?”
CFPB: build or rebuild credit (opens a new tab)Security depositMoney held under stated conditions, often to cover certain unpaid charges or damage.
How it works
Ask what can be deducted, how return works, and which separate fees are nonrefundable. Keep the receipt and photos of the condition at move-in.
A small example
An $850 deposit is separate from $850 first-month rent: that is $1,700 before other charges.
Start here, one step at a time
- Request a list separating refundable deposits from nonrefundable fees.
- Save payment proof and dated move-in condition photos.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Security deposit” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money held under stated conditions, often to cover certain unpaid charges or damage.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which payments are refundable, under what conditions, and when?”
USAGov: state tenant-rights resources (opens a new tab)Semester, term, and academic yearA term is one block of school time. A semester is one kind of term. An academic year is the school’s yearly learning period.
How it works
Many schools have fall and spring semesters; others use quarters or different schedules. A price “per semester” is not the same as a price “per year.”
A small example
If tuition is $4,000 each semester and you attend two semesters, that is $8,000 before summer or other costs.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the school’s academic calendar.
- Write the first day, last day, payment dates, and add/drop dates for your term.
- Compare every cost and award using the same time period.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Semester, term, and academic year” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A term is one block of school time. A semester is one kind of term. An academic year is the school’s yearly learning period.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How many terms are included in this price?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Shallow storage containerA relatively low container that spreads food out for cooling and storage.
How it works
Divide larger batches into smaller shallow portions and refrigerate promptly.
A small example
A large batch of leftovers is divided instead of left in one deep pot on the counter.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Divide larger batches into smaller shallow portions and refrigerate promptly.
- Can I divide this into smaller portions now?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Shallow storage container” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A relatively low container that spreads food out for cooling and storage.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Can I divide this into smaller portions now?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Shutoff and breakerControls that stop a utility supply or an electrical circuit.
How it works
Ask a qualified person to identify and label them. Knowing the location does not mean it is safe to operate every control during an emergency. Follow utility and emergency-service instructions.
A small example
You can keep the utility emergency number with a labeled photo of a shutoff location.
Start here, one step at a time
- Have the owner or qualified professional show you the controls before an emergency.
- Record safe instructions and emergency contacts; leave dangerous conditions to trained help.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Shutoff and breaker” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Controls that stop a utility supply or an electrical circuit.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which controls may I safely use, and when should I leave and call for help?”
Ready.gov: household preparation (opens a new tab)Simple and compound interestSimple interest uses a principal amount over time. Compound interest also applies interest to accumulated interest when the terms provide for it.
How it works
The compounding schedule and payments matter. Savings and different loans can use different methods, so do not use a single formula for every account.
A small example
With annual compounding and no activity, $100 at 5% becomes $105 after year one, then $110.25 after year two.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask whether interest uses the original balance, a changing balance, or accumulated interest.
- Use the rate and time period from the agreement; include payments when estimating a loan.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Simple and compound interest” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Simple interest uses a principal amount over time. Compound interest also applies interest to accumulated interest when the terms provide for it.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What balance is used, and how often is interest added?”
Social Security number and cardA Social Security number identifies your Social Security record. The card shows that number and your name.
How it works
It is not a photo ID. A replacement card is free through the Social Security Administration. You often need the number, not the physical card; ask what the process actually requires.
A small example
A replacement card normally keeps the same number. Do not enter that number in this website’s notes.
Start here, one step at a time
- Start at SSA.gov using the official replacement-card process.
- Answer the eligibility questions to learn whether you can finish online or must visit.
- Follow its evidence rules; keep the card secure instead of carrying it every day.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Social Security number and card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A Social Security number identifies your Social Security record. The card shows that number and your name.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do you need the number, the physical card, or another accepted document?”
USAGov: get or replace a Social Security card (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Software updateA newer release that can fix security or functional problems.
How it works
Use the system’s update controls or official distribution route.
A small example
A phone downloads a security update and needs a restart to finish.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Use the system’s update controls or official distribution route.
- Has the installation completed or is it waiting for a restart?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Software update” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A newer release that can fix security or functional problems.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Has the installation completed or is it waiting for a restart?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)State ID cardA state-issued card used to show who you are. It does not give permission to drive.
How it works
Apply through your state’s motor-vehicle agency or other issuing office. It may offer a standard card and a REAL ID version with different document requirements.
A small example
Someone who rides the bus can get a state ID without taking a driving test.
Start here, one step at a time
- Choose your state in the official motor-vehicle directory.
- Find “identification card,” not “driver license renewal.”
- Use its checklist, gather documents, and make the required appointment.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “State ID card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A state-issued card used to show who you are. It does not give permission to drive.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What documents, fee, appointment, and parent or guardian involvement apply to my age?”
USAGov: state motor-vehicle services (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

State safety inspection and emissions testChecks some states or local areas require for certain vehicles.
How it works
Safety inspections and emissions tests are different. Requirements can depend on the state, county, vehicle age, fuel type, and registration situation. An EV exemption from emissions does not mean exemption from all inspections.
A small example
A car moving to another state may need different checks before registration.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open your state motor-vehicle agency from the official directory.
- Find registration renewal and inspection requirements for your vehicle and county.
- Use its approved-station list and keep the required proof or electronic confirmation.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “State safety inspection and emissions test” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Checks some states or local areas require for certain vehicles.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“For my ZIP code, vehicle, and renewal year, which checks are required and where are approved stations?”
USAGov: state motor-vehicle services (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Statement balance and current balanceThe statement balance is the total at the end of a billing period. The current balance reflects activity recorded since then.
How it works
A statement also lists the due date and minimum payment. New purchases after the statement closes can make the current balance different.
A small example
A $200 statement followed by $50 in new purchases can show $250 current balance before other activity.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the latest statement, not just the account home screen.
- Locate statement balance, minimum payment, and due date; compare with the newer current balance.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Statement balance and current balance” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The statement balance is the total at the end of a billing period. The current balance reflects activity recorded since then.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which amount is due from the last statement?”
CFPB: credit-card contract terms (opens a new tab)Student Aid Index — SAIA number used in the federal aid process to help describe financial need.
How it works
It is calculated from FAFSA information. It is not a bill, a scholarship amount, or a promise of how much your family must pay. Your school uses aid rules and its costs to make an offer.
A small example
An SAI of 0 does not mean college costs $0. You still need the school’s actual cost and aid offer.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the SAI in your FAFSA Submission Summary.
- Check the submitted information for mistakes.
- Compare the school’s aid offer with its full cost.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Student Aid Index — SAI” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A number used in the federal aid process to help describe financial need.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How did you use my SAI to calculate this offer?”
Federal Student Aid: understand your FAFSA summary (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Student loanBorrowed money for education that must be repaid under its terms.
How it works
Compare federal and private terms, interest, fees, when repayment starts, and available protections. Read before accepting; take only what you decide you need.
A small example
Borrowing $5,000 fills a funding gap today but creates a balance you must repay, potentially with interest.
Start here, one step at a time
- Read the loan’s type, amount, rate, fees, and repayment start date.
- Accept only the amount you decide you need and keep track of the total borrowed across school years.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Student loan” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Borrowed money for education that must be repaid under its terms.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What is the total borrowed so far, and what might repayment look like after school?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)Subsidized and unsubsidized student loansBoth are loans. The difference includes who pays interest during certain periods.
How it works
For eligible Direct Subsidized Loans, the government pays interest during specified periods. With Direct Unsubsidized Loans, you are responsible for interest in all periods, even when no payment is due. Eligibility and terms differ.
A small example
“No payment due while in school” does not always mean “no interest is being added.”
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the full loan name in your aid offer.
- Read the current federal explanation and your loan agreement.
- Ask the aid office to show an example of the balance when you leave school.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Subsidized and unsubsidized student loans” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Both are loans. The difference includes who pays interest during certain periods.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“When does interest start on this exact loan, and when must payments start?”
Federal Student Aid: subsidized and unsubsidized loans (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Tax withholdingMoney an employer takes from pay and sends toward certain taxes.
How it works
It is not always the final amount you owe for the year. Read your pay statement and official tax forms; benefits and other deductions are different from tax.
A small example
Your bank deposit is smaller than gross pay because multiple deductions may be taken out.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the employer’s official tax-form process.
- Review your pay stub and the IRS withholding guidance when your work or family situation changes.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Tax withholding” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money an employer takes from pay and sends toward certain taxes.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who can help me understand my withholding form and payroll deductions?”
IRS: understand tax withholding (opens a new tab)Test required, optional, or blindDifferent rules about using admission test scores.
How it works
Required means follow the score requirement. Optional generally lets you choose whether to submit. Blind or free generally means scores are not considered for admission. Other uses, such as scholarships or placement, can have different rules.
A small example
A school can be test optional for admission while a particular scholarship asks for a score.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the admissions page for your entry year.
- Check separate scholarship and program rules; call admissions if the wording is unclear.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Test required, optional, or blind” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Different rules about using admission test scores.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What are the separate score policies for admission, this major, scholarships, and placement?”
College Board: SAT in a test-optional world (PDF) (opens a new tab)Thermostat and return grilleA thermostat controls the heating or cooling request. A return grille is an opening through which air goes back to the system.
How it works
Supply vents send conditioned air into a room; returns bring air back. Keep furniture from blocking airflow. A return may hold a filter, but not every grille does.
A small example
Setting cooling to 60°F does not usually cool the house faster than setting the temperature you actually want.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the thermostat and identify heat, cool, off, and fan settings using its manual.
- Ask the owner which openings are returns and which are supply vents.
- Avoid opening unknown equipment or covering vents.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Thermostat and return grille” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A thermostat controls the heating or cooling request. A return grille is an opening through which air goes back to the system.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which controls and filter locations belong to my system?”
Department of Energy: home cooling explained (PDF) (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Tire balance, rotation, and alignmentBalancing corrects uneven wheel-and-tire weight. Rotation moves tires to different positions. Alignment adjusts wheel angles.
How it works
These are different services. Balancing often uses small weights. Rotation patterns depend on the vehicle and tire setup. Alignment may be checked for pulling or uneven wear; a technician should diagnose the cause.
A small example
Buying a rotation does not automatically mean you also bought balancing and alignment.
Start here, one step at a time
- Write down the symptom and when it happens.
- Check the manual’s care schedule and ask a qualified shop to inspect.
- Request separate prices and approval before additional work.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Tire balance, rotation, and alignment” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Balancing corrects uneven wheel-and-tire weight. Rotation moves tires to different positions. Alignment adjusts wheel angles.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which service is needed, what evidence shows that, and what is included in the price?”
NHTSA: tire safety (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Tire pressure and treadPressure is how much air is in a tire. Tread is the grooved rubber that touches the road.
How it works
Use the vehicle’s cold-tire pressure label or manual, not the maximum number on the tire sidewall. Correct pressure and sufficient tread help the tire work properly.
A small example
A dashboard pressure light calls for checking the tires; it does not tell you that every tire is otherwise safe.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the pressure label, often at the driver’s door opening.
- Use a gauge when tires are cold as the manual directs.
- Have a shop inspect cuts, bulges, recurring air loss, or worn tread; do not drive on an obviously damaged tire.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Tire pressure and tread” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Pressure is how much air is in a tire. Tread is the grooved rubber that touches the road.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What pressure and tire size does this vehicle require, and is there damage or unsafe wear?”
NHTSA: tire safety (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

TranscriptAn official record of courses and grades from a school.
How it works
Request it through the school’s registrar, counseling office, or approved portal. A screenshot may not meet an official-transcript requirement.
A small example
A college may require your high school to send the final transcript after graduation.
Start here, one step at a time
- Contact your school’s counselor or registrar.
- Give the exact recipient and deadline; check that the official record arrived.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Transcript” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An official record of courses and grades from a school.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who must send it, where should it go, and what is the deadline?”
Travel contingencyMoney or a plan reserved for a disruption.
How it works
Decide what it covers and keep it accessible without relying on uncertain credit.
A small example
A reserved amount can cover a replacement local bus journey.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use the policy and details for your exact itinerary.
- Decide what it covers and keep it accessible without relying on uncertain credit.
- Which interruption would I struggle to handle today?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Travel contingency” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Money or a plan reserved for a disruption.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which interruption would I struggle to handle today?”
TSA: Travel checklist (opens a new tab)Tuition and feesTuition is the charge for instruction; fees are separate charges for specified services or activities.
How it works
Find out whether tuition is per credit, per term, or a flat amount. Books, housing, food, and transportation may be extra.
A small example
At an invented $200 per credit, 12 credits cost $2,400 in tuition before fees and living costs.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the school’s tuition page for your residency and program.
- Confirm whether the number is per credit, semester, or year and add required fees.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Tuition and fees” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Tuition is the charge for instruction; fees are separate charges for specified services or activities.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Is this price per semester or per year, and which required fees are missing?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)Unique passwordA password used for just one account.
How it works
If another service is breached, a different password reduces reuse risk.
A small example
Email and shopping accounts use unrelated generated passwords.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- If another service is breached, a different password reduces reuse risk.
- Where have I reused this password?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Unique password” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A password used for just one account.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Where have I reused this password?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)Unit priceThe cost for a fixed amount of a product.
How it works
Compare matching units and usable quantities, not just package totals.
A small example
A 16-ounce pack at $4 costs $0.25 per ounce.
Start here, one step at a time
- Identify the food, surface, or kitchen task you are working on.
- Compare matching units and usable quantities, not just package totals.
- Are both labels comparing ounces, pounds, or another identical unit?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Unit price” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The cost for a fixed amount of a product.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Are both labels comparing ounces, pounds, or another identical unit?”
FDA: Food safety at home (opens a new tab)Utility and service providerA company or local organization supplying services such as electricity, water, or internet.
How it works
The address determines which providers are available. Ask the property manager or local government, then verify the provider’s official website.
A small example
Two apartments in nearby towns may use different electric companies.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask the landlord or local government which providers serve the address.
- Confirm the provider’s official site, start date, deposit, and installation appointment.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Utility and service provider” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A company or local organization supplying services such as electricity, water, or internet.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Who provides service at this exact address, and what is already included?”
Variable / floating interest rateAn interest rate that can move up or down under the agreement’s rules.
How it works
A common rule is an index plus a margin. The index is a published starting rate. The margin is the added amount named in the agreement. Your loan or card may use different rules.
A small example
An invented 5% index + 12 percentage-point margin = 17%. If the index becomes 6% and the margin stays 12 points, the result is 18%.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find the rate-change section in the agreement.
- Write down the index, margin, and adjustment timing.
- Ask how a higher rate would affect the payment or payoff time.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Variable / floating interest rate” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “An interest rate that can move up or down under the agreement’s rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which index is used, when does my rate change, and are there limits?”
CFPB: fixed and variable APR (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Vehicle title and registrationA title records vehicle ownership; registration authorizes vehicle use under your state’s rules.
How it works
Follow the state motor-vehicle office’s transfer, registration, insurance, and renewal steps. Paying a seller does not finish all the paperwork.
A small example
A used-car purchase may require a title transfer plus registration and other state requirements.
Start here, one step at a time
- Find your state’s page for your exact purchase, transfer, or renewal.
- Gather the listed ownership, identity, insurance, inspection, and payment items before going.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Vehicle title and registration” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A title records vehicle ownership; registration authorizes vehicle use under your state’s rules.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which forms, fees, inspections, and deadlines apply to this purchase?”
USAGov: state motor-vehicle services (opens a new tab)Vendor contractThe written agreement for a service, such as food, photography, or a venue.
How it works
Check exactly what is included, dates, headcount, payment schedule, cancellation, and extra charges. Do not assume a deposit can be refunded.
A small example
A $500 deposit applied to a $2,000 price leaves $1,500, unless additional agreed charges apply.
Start here, one step at a time
- Get dates, services, people, total price, and cancellation rules in writing.
- Keep the signed contract and payment receipts together.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Vendor contract” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The written agreement for a service, such as food, photography, or a venue.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“What would we owe if we changed the date or canceled?”
Version historySaved earlier states of a file.
How it works
Retention and restore controls depend on the service and plan.
A small example
You restore the version before a paragraph was accidentally removed.
Start here, one step at a time
- Open the genuine service or device settings for this task.
- Retention and restore controls depend on the service and plan.
- How far back can I restore and what happens when the plan ends?
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Version history” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Saved earlier states of a file.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How far back can I restore and what happens when the plan ends?”
CISA: Secure Our World (opens a new tab)VIN — vehicle identification numberThe identifying number for a particular vehicle, like its own serial number.
How it works
For most modern cars it has 17 characters. You can often see it through the windshield on the driver’s side of the dashboard or on a driver-door label. Registration and insurance records also list it.
A small example
Two cars of the same model have different VINs. Your driver’s license number identifies you, not the car.
Start here, one step at a time
- Park safely and look through the windshield from outside.
- Compare with the door label and registration without removing any parts.
- Use the exact characters when requesting insurance or checking recalls.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “VIN — vehicle identification number” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “The identifying number for a particular vehicle, like its own serial number.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Do these VINs match on the vehicle and the paperwork?”
NHTSA: vehicle identification numbers (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Voter registration and voter cardVoter registration adds an eligible person to the voter list. A voter card may confirm that record.
How it works
Eligibility, registration deadlines, and accepted voting IDs depend on your state. A voter card usually is not a general-purpose photo ID. Registering is not the same as voting.
A small example
After a move, check both your registration address and where or how you may vote.
Start here, one step at a time
- Use Vote.gov to reach your state’s official election instructions.
- Check eligibility and deadlines before applying or updating.
- Use the state’s status tool and voting-ID list before election day.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Voter registration and voter card” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “Voter registration adds an eligible person to the voter list. A voter card may confirm that record.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Am I eligible, is my record current, and what must I bring to vote here?”
USAGov: state voter-ID rules (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Water shutoff valveA control that stops water flowing to a fixture or part of a home.
How it works
A sink or toilet may have a nearby valve. A main shutoff controls more of the home. Designs differ; some turn a quarter turn and others take several turns.
A small example
Knowing the correct sink valve can limit a small leak while help is arranged.
Start here, one step at a time
- Have the owner or plumber identify and label the correct valve before a problem.
- Keep the route clear and the emergency plumber number handy.
- Never force a stuck valve. If water is near electricity, stay clear and call for help.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Water shutoff valve” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A control that stops water flowing to a fixture or part of a home.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“Which valve is mine to use, and can you show me safely?”
FTC: check a home-repair contractor (opens a new tab)See a labeled picture

Work-studyA form of aid that can provide part-time work opportunities for eligible students.
How it works
You generally need to obtain a job and earn wages. Do not treat an award amount as money already deposited for tuition.
A small example
A $2,000 work-study offer is not a $2,000 discount on the first bill.
Start here, one step at a time
- Ask financial aid whether the offer requires finding a campus job.
- Apply through the official student employment office and plan around wages paid after work.
Try explaining this word yourself
Before looking back, explain “Work-study” in your own words. Which part of the example shows it?
Then compare your explanation with “A form of aid that can provide part-time work opportunities for eligible students.” and the example above. If it is still unclear, use the question below with the relevant office or provider.
A question you can ask
“How do I apply for jobs, when would I be paid, and are positions available?”
Federal Student Aid: understand aid offers (opens a new tab)U.S. starting points · Foundation references reviewed September 17, 2026; expanded content added September 19, 2026. Examples use invented amounts unless stated otherwise. Requirements, rates, and policies vary; use the linked official sources and the terms that apply to you.
Use notes for plans and reminders. Keep passwords, account numbers, and sensitive documents in a secure storage service.